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Wars & Military Service

Thrift, Red Cross and the other purses, at counted size

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The smaller purses were counted too, and the counts that survive for this county and state are printed at their exact strengths. The YMCA war fund is the one non-loan purse with a clean St. Joseph County line: in the National War Work Council's Second War Fund campaign, November 11–18, 1917, the county's quota was 45,000 dollars; it pledged 46,232.90 and paid 43,752.90 — over the top in pledges, short in collections, both figures printed as the Year Book's table gives them. The Red Cross ran its two great war drives nationally — June 18–25, 1917, collecting 114,023,640 dollars against a 100-million goal, and May 20–27, 1918, collecting 169,575,598 by February 1919 — and its wartime report counts Indiana's adult membership at 588,672, or 20.63 percent of the state's population, one Hoosier in five enrolled. No St. Joseph County chapter figure was recovered; the county line is a named gap, settler: the Red Cross chapter record as carried in the Tribune files and the Historical Commission's county scrapbook. Thrift and War Savings — the twenty-five-cent stamp campaigns that were the loans' small change — are Greenough's second subject (his Chapters VII–VIII, with the women's loan work), conducted in Indiana through the schools and post offices; no county total was cleanly recovered, and none is invented. Women's registration: in April–June 1918 the Woman's Committee of the Council of National Defense registered American women for war work on cards cataloguing 150-odd skills — more than four million women through some 17,000 local committees nationally. Indiana's count stands in the Report of the Woman's Section of the Indiana State Council of Defense, October 1917 to April 1919Women in factories: no counted figure for this county's wartime factory women was recovered; the county's great war plants were Studebaker's and Bendix's in South Bend, and a Penn-resident count within them was never published in any source reached — named gap, same settler class. Food and fuel: the county's garden-and-conservation work ran through the Council of Defense's four-minute-speaker committees on food conservation (July 1917, above), and the fuel winter through the state council's coal machinery — by August 1917 the News-Times was carrying the State Council of Defense's special-committee arrangements with retail coal merchants on yard capacities for the fall demand, over the St. Joseph County Retail Coal Merchants' Association's own letterhead. No garden count for the county or township was recovered; Penn's gardens, like Penn's loan share, were counted, if at all, inside a county figure this history could not reach, and the gap is named rather than filled.

Sources: YMCA National War Work Council, Year Book — Second War Fund county table (St. Joseph: quota, pledge, paid, as quoted). American Red Cross, The Work of the American Red Cross During the War (1919) — the two drives' national totals; Indiana adult membership 588,672 (20.63 percent). Greenough, The War Purse of Indiana, chs. VII–VIII and contents (thrift's Indiana organisation). Greater Grand Rapids Women's History Council and Miami County (Indiana) card project (the national registration: April–June 1918; four million women; 17,000 committees); Indiana State Library WWI guide (the Woman's Section report, named as settler). South Bend News-Times, August 4, 1917 (the coal committee item), via Hoosier State Chronicles, OCR strength.

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Source: Thrift, Red Cross and the other purses, at counted size, Moosed History by Project Moosed, https://history.projectmoosed.com/usa/midwest/indiana/osceola/wars-military-service/thrift-red-cross-and-the-other-purses-at-counted/