The exact page text, read by your browser's voice.
BTC-24 MIXED · THE COUNTY FRAME DUG, THE TOWNSHIP READING STANDING
The banked land record names the ice — the Michigan, Saginaw, and Huron-Erie lobes, and Campbell's measure of the outwash — and the checklist asks the next question down: how thick is the unconsolidated blanket over Lincoln Township's bedrock? The county frame is dug: the U.S. Geological Survey's hydrogeologic study of St. Joseph County (Bayless, Westjohn & Watson, 1995, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4041) measured the drift in the county's northeast at from about 15 to more than 70 meters — outwash sand and gravel the primary aquifer, till and clay-rich glacio-lacustrine units between — but the northeast is the county's thick end, moraine country, and Lincoln Township lies at the opposite corner, on the Kankakee outwash plain where the drift thins toward the old marsh. The map of record for a township-scale reading is the Indiana Geological Survey's Miscellaneous Map 95A (Naylor, Schumacher & Sperl, 2016), the statewide thickness-of-unconsolidated-deposits map at 1:500,000 — a real map, and not readable at township depth from this seat. The item therefore prints the county frame, the direction of the thinning, and the residue together: Lincoln Township's specific thickness and its named drift members stand as the gap, with the IGS county subsurface records and the county surficial-geology mapping named as settlers. The ice, at least, is not in dispute: three lobes' worth of it stood here, and the town's wet, flat, ditch-drained ground is its signature — the drift article and the flood article of this build are the same fact read at two depths.
Principal sources: USGS WRI 95-4041 (Bayless, Westjohn & Watson, 1995); Indiana Geological Survey Miscellaneous Map 95A (2016), identified as the settler's map; the banked land record of this build (the lobes and the outwash).