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The Fort on Paper, 1795–1816

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The first maps of Fort Wayne itself are military manuscripts. The Library of Congress holds a manuscript map of the place whose catalog title carries its own caution: a map of Fort Wayne "said to have been made on July 18, 1795, for General Anthony Wayne." As the county genealogical society's summary of the sheet describes it, its notes fix the first American post — the fort Wayne's troops built in the fall of 1794 — across the St. Marys from Kekionga, at about the present corner of Clay and Berry streets. National Register documentation for the region's fort sites likewise cites a 1795 plan of Fort Wayne by Patrick McNiff held by the Library of Congress, a sheet concentrated on the post and its geography. The campaigns of Harmar in 1790 and Wayne in 1794 had been aimed at a dot on imperial maps; from 1795 the dot had a plan.

The peace that followed was surveyed too. The Indiana State Library holds the Map of the reservations at Fort Wayne, surveyed June 1803 by Thomas Freeman, copied by Charles de Krafte — a survey of the reserved lands around the post, the parcels set apart in the treaty arrangements of the Greenville era, drawn when the fort was still the only American institution on the ground. The library's copy is digitized in full through Indiana Memory, and a photostatic copy made in Washington in 1927 at the Map Division of the General Land Office circulated widely among local historians. Eight years after the last troops' war, the library also holds the town's first street plan: Plan of Fort Wayne, Indiana, showing location of buildings, credited to John Whistler and published at Fort Wayne in 1816 — the garrison village building by building, two years before the land cessions that would let a civilian town be sold.

Sources: Library of Congress, manuscript map of Fort Wayne, 1795 (catalog title "Indiana Fort Wayne"); ACGSI, Maps of Allen County, Indiana, item 13 and land-records pages, on the 1795 sheet and the 1803 Freeman map; National Register nomination documentation citing Patrick McNiff's 1795 plan of Fort Wayne; Indiana State Library, Allen County Maps page (in.gov/library), call numbers I912.772 IALF03f (1803 Freeman, copied by de Krafte) and I912.772 ALF 16w (1816 Whistler plan).

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Source: The Fort on Paper, 1795–1816, Moosed History by Project Moosed, https://history.projectmoosed.com/usa/midwest/indiana/fort-wayne/maps/fort-on-paper-17951816/