Every export industry in its own article — the county's lines, never merged

1857–present · SOUTH BEND / MISHAWAKA (BOUNDARY), EACH IN ITS OWN PARAGRAPH; OSCEOLA: NONE

Osceola contributes no export industry (art-60-2). The county's lines are printed industry by industry, as the row requires, never as a merged “manufacturing abroad.” Plows: James Oliver's South Bend Iron Works / Oliver Chilled Plow — 45 patents, up to 300,000 plows a year at peak, sales spread internationally under the slogan “Plowmaker of the World”; its rival, the South Bend Chilled Plow Company (inc. 1 July 1878), whose products “were shipped all over the world,” Casaday sulky plows included, until its 1925 sale to Vulcan Plow of Evansville. Oliver also cast, from Chicago-Fire scrap columns, the iron parts for Singer sewing-machine cabinets — the cabinet line of the pattern, a South Bend foundry feeding a world sewing trade. Wagons and cars: Studebaker (arts. 60-2, 60-3, 60-7). Lathes: South Bend Lathe Works (founded 1906 by John and Miles O'Brien, in a former Singer plant) — by its first quarter-century the largest lathe maker in the world, “serving 88 countries,” nearly 50 percent of U.S. engine lathes by 1930 on the Commerce-cited account. The Russian order of 1930 and the cable orders of 1914, tested: the 1914 cable order is verified whole at art-60-3 (3,000 wagons by cable, six weeks). A distinct “Russian order of 1930” for a named South Bend firm was not verified in open sources — the dated Russian flows this section can prove are 1914–18 (art-60-3) and 1941–45 (art-60-7) — and it is printed as unverified rather than assigned to a firm: settler, the trade press and firm records of 1930 (American Machinist / Tribune files; South Bend Lathe and Studebaker papers).

Sources: James Oliver record (patents; 300,000/yr; “Plowmaker of the World”); The History Museum, South Bend Chilled Plow Company (1878 incorporation; shipped worldwide; 1925 Vulcan sale); Oliver Plow Works account (Singer cabinet castings); South Bend Lathe Co., Catalog 71 history (1906; 88 countries; c.1930 share); Erskine (1919).