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1861 – 1865
The tested negative first: neither Chapman nor Howard prints a Penn Township bounty vote, a Penn quota, or Penn's credits under the calls. Both histories were read for exactly that, and the township's absence is itself patterned: on 19 April 1861 a South Bend meeting appointed subscription committees by township to aid the forming companies and support volunteers' families, and Howard prints the township lists whole — Greene, Clay, German, Olive, Warren, Liberty, Union, Center. Penn Township does not appear in the list, in Howard's printing or in Chapman's. A separate Mishawaka meeting of 15 April 1861 (George Milburn presiding) is boundary. Howard's enlistments section proceeds company by company with rosters and losses and contains no township quota table, no draft list, and no bounty figure for any township; Chapman's military chapter is the same. The county machinery ran from South Bend, and a "Volunteer Aid Association" was organized at the first meeting "to equip the company that was to be formed, and to support the families of the volunteers." What Penn Township voted, paid, or was credited with stands in records the histories did not print — the county commissioners' record for 1861–65 and the draft subscription lists in the Saint Joseph County Civil War Records at the Notre Dame Archives (Reel One) — and those stand named in the closing register as the settlers.
The county total out: Chapman's figure, printed as he prints it: "More than two thousand of as brave men as ever handled a musket or drew a sword went out from this county, many, very many, never to return again." The first company left South Bend on Friday, 19 April 1861, "being the first volunteer company from Northern Indiana to take up its line of march."
Sources:
- Howard, Ch. XIV §1, p. 717 (the committee list); Chapman, Ch. VII, pp. 411–413.
- Saint Joseph County Civil War Records finding aid, University of Notre Dame Archives — named as settler, not read.