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3 August 1795 — Treaty of Greenville, 7 Stat. 49
The transaction: The Treaty of Greenville ended the Northwest Indian War on General Anthony Wayne's terms. Its third article drew the general boundary — from the Cuyahoga portage west to Fort Recovery, then southwest to the Ohio — and ceded to the United States everything east and south of that line, most of present Ohio and a strip of eastern Indiana. Fort Wayne's ground lay north and west of the line: it stayed Miami. But the same article then ceded a schedule of separate pieces inside Indian country, and two of them are this city's ground. Item five: "One piece of land six miles square, at or near the confluence of the rivers St. Mary's and St. Joseph's, where Fort Wayne now stands, or near it" — 23,040 acres centered on the fort and the town that would follow. Item six: "One piece two miles square, on the Wabash river, at the end of the portage from the Miami of the lake, and about eight miles westward from Fort Wayne" — the far end of the carry. The article also granted Americans free passage by land and water through Indian country along the chain of posts, which legalized the portage road itself.
The consideration: For the whole cession the United States delivered goods valued at 20,000 dollars at signing and bound itself to yearly deliveries of goods worth 9,500 dollars, divided among the twelve signatory tribes. Richardville, a young chief in 1795, signed for the Miami. The six miles square was not sold by metes and bounds again for a generation; it sat in the record as "the reserve at Fort Wayne," and the 1818 treaty boundary would be drawn around its lines. The fort the Americans built inside it in 1794 was a tenant of this cession.
Sources: Treaty of Greenville, Articles 3–4, text in Kappler, Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties, II, and 7 Stat. 49 (full text: the Oklahoma State / DocsTeach treaty texts).