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1914–1966 · BOUNDARY PATTERNS; GRANGER TESTED, NONE
An export that never crosses a dock is still an export, and the county record holds the pattern in three distinct forms, printed separately because the floor pattern insists on the distinction. Licence in, then licence out — Bendix. The Bendix story begins with licensing as an import: in 1924 Vincent Bendix acquired the rights to the French engineer Henri Perrot’s drum-brake patents, and the Eclipse Machine Company of Elmira, New York, had been making Bendix’s patented starters under licence since 1914 before Bendix acquired Eclipse outright in 1929. The South Bend company’s own name was itself licensed: in 1936 Bendix licensed its name to Bendix Home Appliances, another South Bend company, for a 25 per cent stake — the washing machines that made the name famous were produced by the licensee, not by Bendix. In its modern form the brake business runs the pattern at world scale in reverse: since 2002 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems has been a subsidiary of Munich’s Knorr-Bremse, the 2001–2002 transaction joining Bendix’s United States and Mexican facilities to Knorr’s European and Asia-Pacific production and sales network — the South Bend brake living on as a brand inside a German owner’s licensed world, rather than as shipped Indiana goods. Licensed copies of a shipped good. The Studebaker US6 truck of the next article was license-built by REO Motors in the United States (22,204 trucks) and, on the record of the truck’s references, copied in Soviet production as the ZIS-151 and studied by GAZ for its postwar GAZ-51 — licensed and unlicensed foreign production of a South Bend design, distinguished from the 197,678 trucks South Bend itself shipped. Kit production abroad. The Melbourne assembly of Hamilton-made CKD kits (from 1960, previous article) is the third form: the exporting plant ships a kit, the foreign plant supplies the labour and the market.
Tested for this ground: no Granger firm or resident holds a foreign licence, franchise or kit-assembly arrangement in any record reached. Drive and Shine’s own FAQ closes the franchise form expressly — “We have no plans to franchise or become a publicly held company.” Big C Lumber’s growth is by purchase of family yards, all domestic. Anchor Construction is a member of Weaver Companies, a domestic group. The Ganus loft’s foreign dealings are entries and auction consignments, not licences: GFL bloodlines breed in other men’s lofts abroad — South African and European pedigrees are full of GFL-bred ancestors — but that is the progeny of sold birds, a shipped good’s second generation, not licensed production, and it is not dressed up as one. Licensed production abroad, for Granger, is a tested negative.
Sources: Bendix Corporation references (the 1924 Perrot patent rights; Eclipse licence from 1914 and acquisition 1929; the 1936 Bendix Home Appliances name licence for a 25 per cent stake); Knorr-Bremse / Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems transaction reports, 2001–2002 (the joint-venture buyout and the combined production network); Studebaker US6 references (REO licence production, 22,204; ZIS-151 and GAZ-51 derivations); Drive and Shine FAQ; the banked businesses leg.