The reserve test on this ground

Treaty of Chicago (1821), Articles 2, 3 and 4, read whole

No reserve was ever laid on the Indian Village ground. The 1821 treaty's own Article 2 reserves five village tracts from the cession — at Mang-ach-qua Village, at Mick-ke-saw-be, at the village of Na-to-wa-se-pe, at the village of Prairie Ronde, and at Match-e-be-nash-she-wish at the head of the Kalamazoo River — and the text locates every one by a Michigan place-name; none is in Indiana, none on this river in Indiana, none in or near Clay Township. Its Article 3 grants sections and half-sections to named individuals: of those, the nearest to this ground are Monguago's half-section "at Mish-she-wa-ko-kink" (Mishawaka, some five to six miles southeast) and the five Bertrand children's half-sections "at the portage of the Kankakee river" (some seven miles southwest); the Elkhart River grants lie farther east and the Grand River and Washtenaw grants farther still. No Article 3 grant is located by its own text in Clay Township. Article 4's two mile-squares for a blacksmith and teacher — one on the north side of the Grand River, one "on the south side of the St. Joseph, and within the Indian lands not ceded," each to be selected under the President's direction — fix no place at all, and the St. Joseph square by its own terms cannot lie inside the cession this town stands in. The tribes fragment carries the whole reserve landscape at pointer strength; the land's finding is the negative: the townsite was ceded ground, unreserved, from 1821 forward.