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Allen County counted 385,410 people at the 2020 census (the Census Bureau's separate V2024 estimates base of 385,402 is a modeling input, not the census count) and, by STATS Indiana's estimate, about 399,000 in 2024 — the most populous Indiana county outside the Indianapolis area. Beneath the county government sit twenty civil townships, each administered by an elected township trustee and board, still responsible outside the city limits for township assistance, fire protection in many areas, and cemetery care. The twenty, from the Indiana Department of Local Government Finance's official list: Aboite, Adams, Cedar Creek, Eel River, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Lake, Madison, Marion, Maumee, Milan, Monroe, Perry, Pleasant, Scipio, Springfield, St. Joseph, Washington and Wayne. Wayne Township, the urban core, is by far the largest (110,923 people in the official 1 July 2024 estimates); Aboite, Washington, Perry and Adams townships — the suburban ring the annexations keep eating — each hold 35,000 to 44,000; at the other end, Jackson Township holds 522, on the same estimates.
Fort Wayne is the county seat and its giant, but not its only municipality: New Haven (16,890 at the 2020 census) and Woodburn (1,731) are cities in their own right, and Grabill, Huntertown, Leo-Cedarville and Monroeville are incorporated towns. Each keeps its own government, its own board or council, and — as the annexation record above shows — its own view of Fort Wayne's growth.
Sources: Indiana DLGF, Townships by County; STATS Indiana township estimates, 2024; U.S. Census Bureau, 2020.