Boundary discipline at the jumps

THE 1940S DOUBLING AND THE 2000S RISE, FLAGGED — APPORTIONMENT STILL A GAP

Two of the town series' movements are large enough to demand a boundary word, and the census record itself supplies the frame: the 1940s doubling (+119.1 percent, 498 to 1,091) and the 2000s rise (+32.5 percent, 1,859 to 2,463) both fall in decades when the census volumes' own minor-civil-division footnotes record this town and its neighbor taking in township territory — the township article below carries the 1947 Mishawaka footnote and the 1970 volume's footnote recording annexations of Penn territory by both Mishawaka city and Osceola town. A count that grows by annexation and a count that grows by birth and arrival are different facts wearing the same arithmetic, and this section does not separate them, because the record reached does not: how much of Penn Township's twentieth-century growth belongs to the town's line, how much to Mishawaka's annexations, and how much to the unincorporated remainder stands as GAP-O1-10, unapportioned. One check is still owed at the file level and is named here so it is not lost: the 2010 CPH-2-16's boundary footnotes for the town across the 2000–2010 decade, read against the town-series article above — the volume is this build's own source for those two counts, and its footnotes are the settling text for how much of the 32.5 percent the line, rather than the people, explains.