All cities · 20th century
1960s
258 dated events in 1960s, in order. Part of the full timeline.
20th century 258 dated mentions
1960s
- 1960Time capsules: the messages the city sent itself
Buried in 1960, addressed to 1994: Fort Wayne's best-documented capsule was a broadcaster's.
Fort Wayne
- 1960Anthony Wayne Services, Benchmark, and the AWS Foundation
Founding: The line begins in 1960, when a community volunteer committee that had been studying work-related services for people with disabilities founded the Community Coordinating Center for Rehabilitation and Health Services.
Fort Wayne
- 1960Night of Evil (1962): the Fort Wayne-made feature
Night of Evil was shot in Fort Wayne in the summer of 1960 (the Allen County Genealogical Society's account extends the shooting into the fall) and was based, the trade press reported, on the life story of Dixie Ann Dikes, a beauty queen who landed in jail for attempted robbery.
Fort Wayne
- 1960The hometown film producers, in brief
Richard Galbreath, whose Galbreath Pictures made industrial films and television commercials for the city's factories, produced and directed the Fort Wayne-made feature Night of Evil (filmed 1960, premiered at the Embassy in 1962).
Fort Wayne
- 1960The believers and the skeptics: Fort Wayne's investigators
Indiana's organized investigation began with NICAP: Francis Ridge of Vincennes was appointed chairman of Indiana Unit No. 1 of NICAP in 1960, and from 1973 to 1995 he directed the UFO Filter Center at Mt. Vernon, Indiana, whose Regional Sighting Information Database logged more than 4,000 sightings across Indiana…
Fort Wayne
- 1960The Studebaker signature and the suburban shift
The first census taken afterward, in April 1970, recorded the city's first decline of the industrial era: 125,580 people, down 5.2 percent from the 1960 peak — while the county around it still grew, up 2.7 percent to 245,045.
South Bend
- 1960Preservation: the statewide corporation's South Bend office
The largest private preservation corporation working in the city is a statewide one: Indiana Landmarks, founded in 1960 in Indianapolis by Eli Lilly as the Historic Landmarks Foundation of Indiana and renamed Indiana Landmarks in 2010…
South Bend
- 1960The Soap Box Derby: a national champion in 1960
Gravity's champion: The All-American Soap Box Derby's own roll of champions carries, for 1960, a South Bend name: "1960 – Fredric Lake, South Bend, IN."
South Bend
- 1960Decline and remaking: the slide, the closings, the replacement anchors, the riverfront
Groundbreaking for Town & Country Shopping Center, at McKinley Avenue and Hickory Road, came in May 1960; it opened in the spring of 1961, accelerating the north side's growth, in the commissioned history's account, while hastening downtown's decline.
Mishawaka
- 1960The Tivoli: the wrestling, the new front, and the Cinema Art
The palace's second life began in 1960, after two years vacant: a reopening under Gloanna Enterprises, Inc., with a combination bill no 1925 stockholder would have recognized — live wrestling and movies — and a major remodeling of the exterior and interior.
Mishawaka
- 1960The Soap Box Derby at its peak: a national champion in 1960 — South Bend's boy, at a South Bend address; the Granger negative printed
The peak, named: the All-American Soap Box Derby's official past-champions roll reads, for 1960: "Fredric Lake, South Bend, IN."
Granger
- 1960The Soap Box Derby, with its peak named: Fredric Lake of South Bend, national champion, 1960
The Derby's peak for this valley is named, with its year: Fredric Lake of South Bend won the All-American Soap Box Derby at Akron in 1960 — the official past-champions roll reads "1960 – Fredric Lake, South Bend, IN."
Osceola
- 1960The laundry: the Modern Speed Wash, 103 W. Center, 1960 – and its ground's whole sequence
The Commercial District nomination's bibliography attests the hometown source: "New Building to House Laundry," North Liberty News, 6 October 1960.
North Liberty
- 1960–1980The Scout: designed in Fort Wayne, built in Fort Wayne
The vehicle and its run: Production ran in a plant adjacent to the truck works from November 1960 to October 1980.
Fort Wayne
- 1960–1980Canfield, and the sweep of 1963
Joseph Canfield took office in January 1960 — the last mayor of the sixteen-year Democratic hold, and the incumbent whose defeat would end it.
Mishawaka
- 1960–2014Investigators and organizations: the local record the record supports
The state's first organization of record was NICAP's Indiana Subcommittee, Indiana Unit No. 1, authorized in November 1960 and headquartered at Vincennes, in the southwest; its rapid-deployment team worked the great Indiana wave of 1967 across the region, and its report on that wave survives.
Walkerton
- 1960–2026The parish as festival: Greek Fest and the heritage calendar
Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church was founded in Fort Wayne in 1960, in Whatzup's account, its spokesman Frank Makridakis the son of immigrants who arrived in 1967.
Fort Wayne
- 1960–2026The mayors as persons, III: Canfield to Wood, 1960–today — and the count, checked
Joseph M. Canfield, 1960–1963: The Democrat who won the election of 1959 did it, in De Kever's words, "by the largest margin in the city's history" to that date.
Mishawaka
- 1960–todayThe controller's desk: the city's purse
The holders the record names: Frank J. Bruggner was city controller when Mayor Voorde died in September 1960, and it was from the controller's desk that he succeeded to the mayoralty itself, as the Government section tells.
South Bend
- 1960–todayReverewood and the postwar plats: the suburbs inside the city
The largest planned housing community in the city's history is on its southeast edge: on the southeast edge of town, Portage Realty completed the first homes in the Reverewood subdivision in 1960 — a 507-acre development at the southeast corner of Harrison and Elm Roads.
Mishawaka
- 1961The heart years begin: Lutheran's run of firsts, 1961–1970
Lutheran Hospital — whose institutional history is the Hospitals record's, cross-referenced here — assembled, between 1961 and 1970, the sequence of firsts on which its heart program still rests, as the network's own timeline states them, each at its claimed scope.
Fort Wayne
- 1961The Indiana History and Genealogy Room opens
Opening: Fred Reynolds opened the Indiana History and Genealogy Room on 3 January 1961, in a corner of the Carnegie building.
Fort Wayne
- 1961The smaller family foundations: McMillen, Freimann, Auer, Cole, and a wind-down
McMillen and Freimann: The feed-and-soya fortune of Dale McMillen took permanent form in the Harold and Rachel McMillen Foundation, created in 1961 for Allen County purposes, and the McMillen Foundation that donated and helped construct McMillen Park (both in the Wealth section).
Fort Wayne
- 1961Seated here, II: the Fort Wayne Baseball Hall of Fame
The founding: The city's baseball oldtimers, gathered since the 1940s, reorganized as the Fort Wayne Oldtimers Baseball Association, and at their meeting of 16 October 1961 co-chairmen Red Carrington and Elmer Wagner announced the formation of a Fort Wayne Baseball Hall of Fame, naming Lou Holterman and James "Hub"…
Fort Wayne
- 1961Wilt's 3,000th point, in a borrowed home game
The Fort Wayne Pistons had left for Detroit in 1957, but on 10 March 1961 the Detroit club staged a home game in its old building, the Allen County War Memorial Coliseum, against the Philadelphia Warriors — and that night Wilt Chamberlain became the first player in NBA history to score 3,000 points in a single season.
Fort Wayne
- 1961August 1961: the Freeman family's object
Dennett's 2024 compilation reports that in August 1961 John Freeman and his family, of Fort Wayne, reported an object "like two big bowls, one on top of the other, with a flashing light on top," hovering at treetop level; after a few seconds it rose silently and climbed rapidly out of sight.
Fort Wayne
- 1961Landmark acts II: urban renewal — what was built, what was demolished, who paid
LaSalle Park, 1961–1964: South Bend's first great renewal fight was not downtown but in LaSalle Park, the Black neighborhood built around Beck's Lake on the west side, where redlining had done its work and the streets were unpaved, the sewers undone.
South Bend
- 1961The machinery: a zone, an airport, and somebody else's port
The lake port the traffic uses is the Port of Indiana–Burns Harbor, on Lake Michigan in Porter County northwest of the city, one of the three ports of the state authority established in 1961: its grain terminal, on the Ports of Indiana's figures, exported more than 500 million bushels of corn and soybeans between its…
South Bend
- 1961LaSalle Park: the neighborhood the city built
LaSalle Park is the one neighborhood in South Bend whose creation is fully documented because the city itself was its author: the city purchased Beck's Lake and the LaSalle Park ground in 1959 — the same purchase season in which it bought Leeper Park's ground across town, the parks file records…
South Bend
- 1961Tom Emmer: a birth, printed as a birth
Tom Emmer (born 1961): the sweep's purest test of the birth-tie rule. The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress (E000294) records: born in South Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana, 3 March 1961.
South Bend
- 1961Larry Karaszewski: the hometown screenwriter with two Emmys
Larry Karaszewski (born 1961): born in South Bend on 20 November 1961 and raised here — his professional biographies, from the Writers Guild Foundation to FX Networks, state both halves of the tie in those words.
South Bend
- 1961Larry Karaszewski: born and raised, and the hinge to the local broadcast
The tie: Larry Karaszewski was born in South Bend on November 20, 1961, and raised here — the fullest tie this record prints.
South Bend
- 1961Dave Williams and Beyond Our Control: the show the teenagers produced
Hamilton chartered the project, and in 1961 the first student company, WJA-TV, took to the air with a thirteen-week series of half-hour shows.
South Bend
- 1961Joy Lynn White: Little Lynn of the Singing White Family
Her birth stands in conflict on every axis and is printed in conflict whole: born October 2, 1961, at Bentonville, Arkansas, per the standard biography; born at Turrell, Arkansas, per Country Music International of October 1997; and a birth date of July 24, 1961 in a celebrity-birthdays compilation.
Mishawaka
- 1961The annexation trials: Minne and Conner, 1961–1968
Two ordinances, two remonstrances: At the inception of the controversy, in the Supreme Court's own summary, the Common Council adopted two annexation ordinances; their notices were last published on 28 December 1961.
Mishawaka
- 1961–1962The Avanti's body supplier, settled
The Molded Fiber Glass Companies' corporate history enters the Avanti in its own list of works, under 1961: "To get the Avanti to market quickly, its body panels were molded of fiberglass not stamped sheet metal."
South Bend
- 1961–1966The Mishawaka Times, 1961–1966: the paper the directories missed
The library's film holds a Mishawaka Times from 1961 to October 5, 1966 — monthly reels running September 1961 through the fall of 1966, a five-year file.
Mishawaka
- 1961–1968The manager held overnight · the robbery of November 20, 1961
The crime: on the night of Sunday, November 19, 1961, three men — Julian Perez, Jesse Paramo and Manuel Zurita — got into the home of a Fort Wayne bank manager on the pretense of being deputy sheriffs, and held the manager and his wife captive through the night.
Fort Wayne
- 1961–2007The firehouse firsts — Ridley, Wilson and Davie
Richard Ridley Jr.: Richard Jerome Ridley Jr. was sworn in on 7 October 1961 as Fort Wayne's first African American firefighter.
Fort Wayne
- 1962Karting: where Baer Field began
Baer Field itself began as a go-kart track in 1962, two years before the half-mile rose beside it; when the original kart layout was given up, a 1/10-mile kart oval was built in the big track's infield, and the 1999 expansion added a dirt kart track outside the paved ovals, so that karts raced at Baer Field in every decade of its life.
Fort Wayne
- 1962The ledger of losses
A decade earlier the Paramount Theatre, the 1930 movie palace, had been demolished in 1962 — its record is in the Theaters section — and in 2002 the Snyderman House, one of Michael Graves's first two Fort Wayne houses, was lost to arson.
Fort Wayne
- 1962The Rivieras — "California Sun," a South Bend Central band
They formed in 1962 as the Playmates and renamed themselves for the Buick Riviera: Marty "Bo" Fortson (vocals and guitar), Joe Pennell (lead guitar), Doug Gean (bass), Otto Nuss (organ), and Paul Dennert (drums), managed by Bill Dobslaw.
South Bend
- 1962Oaklawn: the Mennonite center that holds the designation
A first board was appointed in 1958; services were provided from a temporary location in Elkhart beginning in July 1962; and Oaklawn's doors formally opened on 11 February 1963 — one of eight Mennonite mental health centers in the country, sponsored in time by the Mennonite Health Services Alliance.
South Bend
- 1962The Rivieras: five Central High boys at the hinge of the chart
The last hit before the Invasion: The Rivieras were formed in the fall of 1962 in South Bend by five South Bend Central High School students: Marty Fortson, vocals and rhythm guitar; Joe Pennell, lead guitar; Doug Gean, bass; Otto Nuss, organ; and Paul Dennert, drums.
South Bend
- 1962The Linebacker Lounge: the Backer, across from Notre Dame
In 1962 Myron "Mo" Pottios, a Notre Dame linebacker of 22, borrowed $5,000 from Art "The Chief" Rooney against his future NFL salary and opened the Linebacker Lounge in a structure at 1631 South Bend Avenue previously occupied by Eve's Drive-In.
South Bend
- 1962The current holder whole: Oaklawn Psychiatric Center
Founded in 1962 and sponsored by Mennonite Health Services Alliance — accountable to Mennonite Church USA, Mennonite Brethren and Brethren in Christ churches — Oaklawn is described in its own record as the only faith-based mental health centre in Indiana.
North Liberty
- 1962–1968The fusor: fusion demonstrated in a Fort Wayne laboratory
The patents are in his own name with Fort Wayne on the face of them: U.S. Patent No. 3,258,402, "Electric discharge device for producing interactions between nuclei," filed 11 January 1962 and issued 28 June 1966, assigned to ITT…
Fort Wayne
- 1962–1995Karting: the county's national room
The name descends from a track George Christie built in 1962 near Buchanan, Michigan, which the Lobaugh family ran for seventeen years.
South Bend
- 1962–2026The successor designation: Oaklawn, from September 24, 2010
Oaklawn's own founding belongs to the Mennonite mental-health movement that followed the Second World War: Mennonite conscientious objectors who had served in the era's institutions came home believing "there has to be a better way," and built a system of community-based hospitals of which Oaklawn, opening at Elkhart in 1962, was one.
Granger
- 1962–2026The second rank, one by one at true size: the actress-producer and her franchise, the author-producer's company, the broadcaster's company — and the resident broadcaster's negative
Hannah Storm and Brainstormin' Productions: Hannah Storm, born Hannah Lynn Storen in Oak Park, Illinois, on 13 June 1962, graduated from the Westminster Schools in Atlanta and from the University of Notre Dame in 1983, worked at South Bend's WNDU-TV while a student, and became the first full-time female sports anchor…
Granger
- 1962–2026The Founding Whole, and the Life in Era Buckets
On 1 July 1962 the schools of Union Township, St. Joseph County, and North Township, Marshall County, were organised into the Union-North United School Corporation (Schools lk-sch-corporation); the combined LaVille Jr–Sr High School opened in 1965 at 69969 US 31 South, and the Lancers' life runs from that opening.
Lakeville
- 1962–todayThe corridor rooms and the licensing war: the Backer, and the two Corby's
The landmark lounge, and the war: the student corridor that serves Notre Dame runs along South Bend Avenue and Eddy Street south of the line, and its landmark lounge is documented to the year and the loan: the Linebacker Lounge at 1631 South Bend Avenue, founded in 1962 by Notre Dame linebacker Myron "Mo" Pottios, who…
Granger
- 1962–todayThe sweet record: four ice-cream houses and no candy shop
The oldest name is an import from the county's east: The Chief Ice Cream, which began as a small shop in Goshen in 1962 and grew into a regional institution — Thrillist's list of the top thirty-one ice-cream shops in the nation carried it — keeps its Granger room at 12479 Adams Road, hard by the farmers market's Adams Road seat.
Granger
- 1962–todayThe landmark lounge across from the institution: the Linebacker, and the corridor's licensing war
The landmark lounge exists — across from Notre Dame, in South Bend: the Linebacker Lounge at 1631 South Bend Avenue, founded in 1962 by Notre Dame linebacker Myron "Mo" Pottios, who borrowed 5,000 dollars against his future NFL salary from Art "The Chief" Rooney to take over the building that had been Eve's Drive-In…
Osceola
- 1962–todayTwo Townships, One Corporation — Union-North United, 1962
On 1 July 1962 the schools of Union Township, St. Joseph County, and North Township, Marshall County, were organized into a single corporation: the Union-North United School Corporation, governed by a five-member elected Board of School Trustees.
Lakeville
- 1963The first fight: saving the Landing, 1963–1965
A student survey starts it: In the fall of 1963 the senior class of the University of Notre Dame's School of Architecture made the first architectural survey of the 100 block of West Columbia Street — the canal-era commercial row that had been the city's first business district…
Fort Wayne
- 1963Decline and the downtown gap, 1963–1985
The Randall, residential and faded, was razed in 1963 on Winifred Randall's death. The Hedekin — by then the Home Hotel — came down in the Columbia Street clearances of 1968–69.
Fort Wayne
- 1963The locomotive that wore another engine's number
So in 1963 the numbers were switched: the sound 765 went into the park wearing 767's number, and the true 767 — the engine the city had actually wanted — went to scrap wearing 765's.
Fort Wayne
- 1963Dean Norris — Hank Schrader, from Clay High School
Norris was born in South Bend on April 8, 1963, of Hungarian descent — his grandfather came from Tiszadob — in a family where his father, Jack, owned a furniture store.
South Bend
- 1963Nine days in December · the announcement that ended the automobile century
The firm's record of the closing is Studebaker's to tell; what follows is the city's event: On Monday, 9 December 1963, Studebaker's board voted to close the South Bend plant and consolidate automobile production at Hamilton, Ontario.
South Bend
- 1963The armory line, II · the settlement of 1963 and the Kemble Avenue ground
South Bend's modern military ground was created by a bridge: Ordinance No. 4561, passed by the Common Council on 11–12 March 1963, records that the construction and reconstruction of the Sample Street Bridge took the sites of both the State Armory and the United States Naval and Marine Corps Training Center…
South Bend
- 1963The state's markers: twenty-three in the county
Its published list for St. Joseph County — the Bureau's county tally stands at twenty-three markers, the county's run spanning 1963 to 2021 — is enumerated here from the Bureau's own list, at the strength the list gives: twelve stand in South Bend or at its northern edge, nine in Mishawaka, and two in the county's townships.
South Bend
- 1963Jim Strickland: a Mishawaka birth, a Memphis life
The tie, exactly: James Steven Strickland Jr. was born October 22, 1963, in Mishawaka. His family moved to Memphis, Tennessee, and every other line of his record is Memphis: this is a birth-tie entry, printed at birth-tie strength, and it is a quiet recovery — the standard Mishawaka compilations do not carry him.
Mishawaka
- 1963"The second largest Belgian-American settlement in the United States"
Mishawaka High School's yearbook, The Miskodeed , in its 1963 edition, wrote of the Belgian settlement on the city's west side that it was "thought to be the second largest Belgian-American settlement in the United States" — a sentence this history's culture file carries as what it is, a schoolbook boast, and prints untested.
Mishawaka
- 1963First houses — none before 1963
No hotel, inn or tavern-stand in Roseland is found in any record from the town's incorporation to 1963.
Roseland
- 1963Dr. King at the Stepan Center, 1963
The visit's civic machinery is part of its record: a motorcade of fifty cars and twenty police officers brought King from the airport to a downtown news conference and a dinner at First United Methodist Church, and at 8:15 that evening, Friday, October 18, 1963 — seven weeks after the March on Washington…
Notre Dame
- 1963–1964December 1963: the closing of the South Bend works
The announcement: The 1964 models sold insufficiently from their introduction, and Egbert was ousted from the presidency (Byers Burlingame succeeded him in November 1963).
South Bend
- 1963–1964Ara Parseghian and the 1964 revival
The hire: Ara Parseghian — May 21, 1923, to August 2, 2017 — was hired late in 1963 from Northwestern. He had coached at Miami of Ohio under Woody Hayes and played for the Cleveland Browns.
Notre Dame
- 1963–1965Toro the Ocelot, and the Mid-Century Zoo
In 1963 a capuchin monkey was born at the zoo — the first South American primate born there, a modest milestone that measures how the collection was growing beyond the hardy hoofstock of the 1947 list into species that bred in South Bend.
South Bend
- 1963–1966Bill Dobslaw and the Riviera label: the record side, at its true size
Bill Dobslaw was twenty-one when he became the Rivieras' manager in 1963 — the band itself, five South Bend Central High School students, is the Music chapter's.
South Bend
- 1963–1966The record side at its true size: Bill Dobslaw and the Riviera label — South Bend's — with the record-producer and studio tests set out as negatives, the searches named
The local label and its man: William "Bill" Dobslaw of South Bend — musician, producer, manager and businessman — discovered the teenage band the Rivieras in 1963, became their manager, booked and financed their first session (an hour at Columbia Recording Studios in Chicago), and created his own Riviera label to…
Granger
- 1963–1977The peak and the long decline: 1963 to 1992
1963 is the employment peak of the whole series.
Mishawaka
- 1963–1987The Hesburgh Library and the Word of Life mural
The building: The 14-story Memorial Library opened on September 18, 1963 — the third building to house the university's main collection — anchoring a new research quadrangle on the campus's north side.
Notre Dame
- 1963–1987Notre Dame's Hesburgh Library
Fourteen stories above the Notre Dame campus stands the Hesburgh Library, opened on 18 September 1963 as the university's Memorial Library and renamed in 1987, the year of Father Theodore Hesburgh's retirement from the presidency — a university research library whose full record stands in this history's Notre Dame file.
Notre Dame
- 1963–2005Freeman-Spicer, and the day the factory closed
After insufficient initial sales of the 1964 models and the ousting of president Sherwood Egbert, Studebaker announced on 9 December 1963 the closure of the South Bend plant.
South Bend
- 1963–2010The Mishawaka that went to sea
The Mishawaka (YTB-764) was a Natick-class large harbor tug — 109 feet, 356 tons full load, a crew of twelve — laid down on 1 February 1962 at Slidell, Louisiana, by the Southern Shipbuilding Corporation, launched 3 January 1963, and placed in service that April in the 11th Naval District at San Diego.
Mishawaka
- 1963–2013The bypass and the eastern corridor: the St. Joseph Valley Parkway and Capital Avenue
Its course reached Mishawaka's side of the metro in stages: the first section, from US 20 to Mayflower Road, was completed 19 September 1963; the road was extended past the SR 23 interchange in late summer 1965 and to US 31 on 15 December 1967, where for a generation it ended.
Mishawaka
- 1963–2022Jackie Walorski — five terms in Congress
Jacqueline Renae Walorski was born in South Bend on August 17, 1963, grew up with two older brothers in the city's Gilmer Park neighborhood — her mother a meat cutter at a local grocery, her father a firefighter who also owned an appliance store — went to Hay Elementary, and graduated from James Whitcomb Riley High School in 1981.
South Bend
- 1963–2022Canton: Notre Dame's fourteen in the Pro Football Hall of Fame
The thirteen players, at their induction years: Curly Lambeau (1963), a charter member; John "Blood" McNally (1963), a charter member; George Trafton (1964); Wayne Millner (1968); George Connor (1975); Paul Hornung (1986); Alan Page (1988); Joe Montana (2000); Nick Buoniconti (2001); Dave Casper (2002); Jerome Bettis (2015)…
Notre Dame
- 1963–2026The works today: two buildings, a cleared campus, and a new name on the map
Studebaker abandoned it in December 1963 and sold it a few years later to the city for $1; the city passed it to the South Bend Community School Corporation, which used it as its own headquarters until the fall of 2006.
South Bend
- 1963–2026The superintendents of Penn-Harris-Madison: the line from 1971, and the two gaps in it
The founding, and the first gap (1963–1971): The corporation was formed by the Penn–Harris merger of 1962, with Madison Township's accession in 1963 completing the three-township district the banked file carries (the formation instrument itself stands open as GAP-SPINE-6 and is not retried here).
Granger
- 1963–2026The recorded record: what this ground put on disc
The Rivieras: five South Bend Central High School teenagers who formed in the fall of 1962, cut "California Sun" in a one-hour session at Columbia Recording Studios in Chicago in the summer of 1963, pressed a thousand copies on their manager's Riviera label in La Porte, and watched the disc climb to No. 5 on the…
Granger
- 1963–2026Marking counted both ways: twenty-three state markers, and the town's own marking
The state's marking, counted: the Indiana Historical Bureau's marker list for St. Joseph County carries 23 markers , placed from 1963 to 2021 — the county figure in the statewide tally of March 2024 as well.
Osceola
- 1963–2026Today's office — 1st Source Bank, and the succession that is not yet proven
What the record reached does not prove is the corporate path from the National Bank & Trust Co. branch of 1963 to today's 1st Source office: a June 2022 survey of the Michigan Road photographed downtown's "longtime bank building" as, in a 2008-era survey statement it repeats, a Wells Fargo branch…
New Carlisle
- 1963–todayBishop Dwenger High School
Founded: Dwenger opened on 4 September 1963 at 1300 East Washington Center Road, the north-side half of Bishop Leo Pursley's two-school answer to a crowded Central Catholic.
Fort Wayne
- 1963–todayThe police line after Bolerjack: a named silence, then Witkowski and Arendt
The silence, printed whole: Between Bolerjack's last directory (1963) and the modern succession's resumption, the sources reached for this build name no Mishawaka chief of police at all…
Mishawaka
- 2010sLandmark acts I: the closing, and the government's fifty-year answer
December 1963: The civic fact is simple and total. Studebaker had built vehicles in South Bend for 111 years; at its postwar peak it employed some 24,000 people there, more than the rest of the city's industry combined.
South Bend
- 1964Marion and Vern Ward, and Gail Cole — the pattern shop in the knitting mill
On 18 May 1964 Marion and Vern Ward opened the doors of Ward Pattern & Engineering Company in the former Wayne Knitting Mills building on Growth Avenue — a small pattern shop with three employees and 1,500 square feet, and first-year sales of $90,000.
Fort Wayne
- 1964Baer Field Speedway: the track by the airport
In 1962 a small go-kart track was laid out in the back field of John Weisenauer's farm at 4331 Winters Road, next to the airport that carried Paul Baer's name (the airfield's own record is in the Airports and Military sections); the half-mile paved oval was built in the summer of 1963 and the first races ran in 1964.
Fort Wayne
- 1964The Old Fort as an open-air museum
Historic Fort Wayne, Inc. was established in 1964 to plan a reconstruction of the 1815–16 post from Major John Whistler's 1814 drawings; the Historical Society announced its own "Historic Old Fort Wayne" initiative in 1966, and the project — costing nearly 1.5 million dollars…
Fort Wayne
- 196422 May 1964: calls to the Baer Field tower
The report: The Fort Wayne newspaper glance of 1986 preserves one airport case in a single line: "May 22, 1964: The tower at Baer Field received numerous calls about 'four orange-yellow objects' that 'flashed rhythmically with intense flashes.'" No official file, disposition or fuller newspaper account of the night…
Fort Wayne
- 1964DeHaven Chevrolet: one family, three generations, one near-death
The founding: Jack DeHaven Sr. founded DeHaven Chevrolet in 1964, in the middle of the postwar trade's best decade, and the house joined the city's Chevrolet succession in the years when Grieger's long run was ending: for a brief time DeHaven traded from Grieger's own ground at 1500 South Clinton, its jingle adjusted…
Fort Wayne
- 1964Vivica A. Fox: born here, raised in Indianapolis, famous everywhere
Vivica A. Fox (born 1964): the second flagged name, entered here whole as her holding entry; the Producers section carries her producing record, and assembly decides her final home.
South Bend
- 1964"Touchdown Jesus" — the mural's nickname, its stones, and its view
The university's own facilities account gives the mural's dedication at the library's opening, 7 May 1964, and the nickname's origin plainly: "the students (and soon just about everyone else) began to call it" Touchdown Jesus — a student coinage on the university's telling, not a designer's intention.
South Bend
- 1964Millard Sheets and the Word of Life
It was unveiled at the library's dedication on May 7, 1964. The students renamed it at once and forever: raised arms and all, the figure reads from the stadium as Christ signaling a score, and Touchdown Jesus is the name the world knows.
South Bend
- 1964Vivica A. Fox: producer of the Wrong films
Born here, raised downstate: Vivica Anjanetta Fox was born in South Bend on 30 July 1964, the daughter of a pharmaceutical technician and a private-school administrator; her parents relocated to the Indianapolis area soon after her birth, and the raising — and the acting start that followed from it…
South Bend
- 1964Shiojiri Niwa
The sister-city garden by the river began as children's letters: In 1964, pen-pal exchanges opened between Nishi Primary School in Shiojiri, Japan, and Battell Elementary School in Mishawaka, arranged under Hiroo Takasuna on the Japanese side and Helen Amos on the Mishawaka side.
Mishawaka
- 1964Wheelabrator: the export record whole, from the company's own historian
The one complete export history a Mishawaka house left: The Wheelabrator Corporation's historian, Tony Harris, wrote the company's history on 1 June 1964 with a chapter headed "The export market," and it is the fullest outward record in this build…
Mishawaka
- 1964The Company Histories — and One That Was Not Read
Tony Harris's 1964 history of Wheelabrator was read whole by the Businesses and Exports legs — its account by the company's historian, dated 1 June 1964, carries the firm's complete export history and the Indabrator agreement, and it settles a counting trap: American Foundry Equipment is the same house under its…
Mishawaka
- 1964The Presidential Medal of Freedom: Theodore Hesburgh, seated here
The honor: The Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor, was awarded by President Lyndon B. Johnson to the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh, C.S.C., on 14 September 1964…
Notre Dame
- 1964–19681966: A Junior College for Student Brothers
In the summer of 1964 the chapter of the Midwest Province of the Brothers of Holy Cross considered developing the province's land across State Road 933 from the University of Notre Dame for two joined purposes: a center for the Brothers of Holy Cross, and a two-year college facility for student brothers, where the…
Notre Dame
- 1964–1969The move of 1969: carts on the Lincolnway
The 2025 News-Times feature reconstructs the new building's course from the press record: the site was the Rohleder-Groff building's, a 1924 commercial building that had housed the South Bend Tribune for thirty-eight years and was demolished for the project…
Mishawaka
- 1964–1972Lloyd M. Allen: the mayor who inherited the closing
He was inaugurated on 1 January 1964. Between his election and his inauguration the ground of his administration was laid: on 9 December the Tribune broke the Studebaker closing, and on 20 December the last South Bend Studebaker rolled off the line.
South Bend
- 1964–1982Newman and Altman: the dealers who bought the Avanti
Early in 1964 Altman, Newman and a few other investors bought the Avanti name and Studebaker's leftover inventories of parts, production tooling and plant buildings in South Bend, and hired twenty Studebaker employees from the six thousand put out of work when the company shut down.
South Bend
- 1964–1997Robin Hood — an LPGA winner from Mishawaka
The record: Robin Hood was born 26 September 1964 in Mishawaka. Her biographical record credits her with the 1981 Indiana Women's State Amateur championship as a teenager.
Mishawaka
- 1964–2006The Avanti's afterlife: Newman & Altman and the Avanti II
Leo Newman and Nate Altman, longtime South Bend Studebaker-Packard dealers, agreed with the company — the agreement is dated 1 July 1964 in the marque's newsletter account…
South Bend
- 1964–2026506 Michigan Street: the clinic seat, from the Walkerton Medical Clinic to Saint Joseph Family Medicine
The clinic's paper trail runs long: a U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Board decision cites "private treatment records from Walkerton Medical Clinic, dated from August 1964 to February 1992" — official record — and an obituary records a clinic nurse employed there until 1964.
Walkerton
- 1964–todayWard Pattern & Engineering Company → Ward Aluminum Casting, Inc. → Ward Corporation (Ward Corp.)
Founded: 18 May 1964, Fort Wayne.
Fort Wayne
- 1964–todayThe freight city that remains — and the trains that are only proposed
Norfolk Southern — heir through Norfolk and Western to the Wabash (leased 1964) and the Nickel Plate (1964) — works the city's busiest lines: the former Nickel Plate main east and west (its Chicago District toward Chicago and Fostoria District toward Bellevue and Buffalo), the Wabash line as the Huntington District…
Fort Wayne
- 1964–todaySnider High School
Founded: Snider began in the fall of 1964 with 325 sophomores, 20 faculty and four administrators, the first new public high school Fort Wayne had built in thirty-nine years.
Fort Wayne
- 1964–todayThe scout trail: Pokagon-Kekionga, and hiking as local history
The Pokagon-Kekionga Trails Committee was formed in 1964 as a service project by Explorer Post 2162 of Garrett and Troop 352 of Fort Wayne.
Fort Wayne
- 1964–todayLaSalle and Jackson: the Converted High Schools
Jackson: Andrew Jackson High School was built in 1964 and opened in 1965 at 5001 South Miami Street, at Jackson Road, on the city's south side; its first class graduated in 1967.
South Bend
- 1964–todayMarian High School: the diocesan school across from the motherhouse
That history records that classes began on Tuesday, 8 September 1964, at 8:40 in the morning — "the beginning of Catholic secondary education in Mishawaka" — after two years of planning and construction under the Diocese of Fort Wayne–South Bend, delayed by bad weather to that fall.
Mishawaka
- 1964–todayThe second rank at true size: Vivica A. Fox, born here, and her franchise — and the two pattern names that do not seat here
Vivica Anjanetta Fox was born in South Bend on 30 July 1964, daughter of Everlyena, a pharmaceutical technician, and William Fox, a school administrator…
Osceola
- 1964–todayTouchdown Jesus — a library wall named from a football stadium
The fame: On the south face of the university's great library stands a mosaic of Christ the Teacher, 134 feet tall and 68 feet wide, made of more than six thousand pieces of stone from twenty-five countries…
Notre Dame
- 1965The zoo: a cross-reference, by design
The pointer: The Fort Wayne Children's Zoo, officially opened in 1965 on the Franke Park ground seeded by Fred Shoaff's 1952 sanctuary gift, is the city's signature children's attraction, and it is deliberately not an article of this section.
Fort Wayne
- 1965The law of keeping: the ordinances and the Commission
From a mayor's commission to a code chapter: The 1965 ordinance created the Mayor's Commission on the Preservation and Restoration of Historical Landmarks, the body that survives today as the Fort Wayne Historic Preservation Commission.
Fort Wayne
- 1965The designation record: districts, landmarks, and the counts
Local designation came first and came early: the Landing and the Chief Richardville House, 1965, under Indiana's first preservation ordinance.
Fort Wayne
- 1965The garage era: bands, radio studios, and records of their own
The Male Men, North Side High School students, were picked in October 1965 as the house band of WPTA Channel 21's Saturday-afternoon teen show 21 A Go Go, showcasing other local bands weekly until February 1966, when the show ended amid union complaints that the musicians were non-union; in 1967 they made a demo at WGL Radio.
Fort Wayne
- 1965Palm Sunday · the evening the tornadoes crossed the county
The city of South Bend was not struck on Palm Sunday 1965; its county was a corridor: The outbreak of 11 April 1965 was Indiana's deadliest tornado day — 137 people killed in the state, among more than 260 killed across six states (the Weather Service's outbreak page gives 261 deaths in all…
South Bend
- 1965Palm Sunday 1965 · the outbreak's edge crosses the county's south
The deadliest tornado outbreak in Indiana's history — 137 Hoosiers killed — touched St. Joseph County with one long track: Late on Palm Sunday, 11 April 1965, an F3 tornado ran from northeast of Knox to south of South Bend across Starke, Marshall, St. Joseph and Elkhart counties — 35.6 miles on the ground in the Weather Service's survey.
South Bend
- 1965Toro, recovered from a car trunk
The theft: In 1965 the Potawatomi Zoo made national news, once. Vandals stole Toro, the zoo's ocelot, and the small spotted cat was found by South Bend city police in the trunk of a car.
South Bend
- 1965Nicholas Sparks — the alumnus, at an alumnus's strength
Nicholas Sparks was born in Omaha, Nebraska, in 1965 and raised in Fair Oaks, California.
South Bend
- 1965The Grammy record: three nominations for a band built elsewhere
Jr. Walker & the All Stars received three Grammy Award nominations and won none: "Shotgun" for Best Rhythm and Blues Recording (1965); "What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)" for Best R&B Instrumental Performance (1969) — a vocal record filed, to the act's own chroniclers' amusement, among the instrumentals…
South Bend
- 1965The public courses, stated plainly
Elbel Golf Course is a municipal course: the city parks department's own chronology records Elbel Park purchased in 1961 for $35,000, $800,000 in bonds sold in 1963 for the Pinhook, Elbel, and Voorde work, and "1965 — Elbel Golf Course opens at the cost of $550,000."
South Bend
- 1965Palm Sunday, April 11, 1965: the outbreak crosses the county
The outbreak: The Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of April 11–12, 1965 — forty-seven tornadoes across six states, among them fifteen significant and seventeen violent — is the largest weather event in this county's record, and northern Indiana was its center.
Mishawaka
- 1965The Weather Record and the Crest
What already stands: Two of the weather set's four elements are banked whole in the Stories file and are cross-referenced here, not retold: the Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 11 April 1965, mapped not-here — the outbreak's tracks crossed the county but not this ground…
Granger
- 1965The Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, 11 April 1965 — the county's course proven; the township's share not shown
The National Weather Service, Northern Indiana, records the outbreak of April 11–12, 1965 as 47 tornadoes and 261 deaths across the Midwest.
North Liberty
- 1965–1966The Fort Wayne Zoological Society
The Fort Wayne Children's Zoo opened 3 July 1965 in Franke Park — 500,000 dollars raised, 5.5 acres, 18 exhibits — on land the park board had set aside for a nature preserve in 1952.
Fort Wayne
- 1965–1968Public ownership — the Public Transportation Corporation, 1968
The Indiana mechanism: Fort Wayne's takeover followed the path Indiana law had laid down in the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1965, whose machinery the Court of Appeals later described in the Fort Wayne case itself.
Fort Wayne
- 1965–1972The Merger That Was Signed and Unmade, 1971
A co-exchange program began in 1965 with some 200 students crossing the road to each other's classes; by 1971 it carried 2,000.
Notre Dame
- 1965–1976Coeducation — the Merger That Failed and the Doors That Opened
The co-exchange program with Saint Mary's College began in 1965 with 200 students crossing between the campuses and grew to more than 2,000 by 1971 — 850 from Saint Mary's and 1,200 from Notre Dame, by the account of Father Thomas Blantz, then vice president for student affairs.
Notre Dame
- 1965–1978The storms as told and as recorded: Palm Sunday 1965, and the Blizzard of 1978
On the evening of 11 April 1965 the outbreak that the National Weather Service's Northern Indiana office still keeps as its benchmark crossed St. Joseph County three times, and every track ran through the county's southern tier.
Granger
- 1965–1983The mall decades, and downtown's slide
Preservation scored an early win on the old canal ground: The Landing , the Columbia Street warehouse row, was dedicated as a protected historic district on 23 October 1965 after a citizen campaign in which Mayor Harold Zeis and local advocates beat back clearance plans.
Fort Wayne
- 1965–1989IU South Bend's Schurz Library
The boundary note: Indiana University South Bend's library began, with the campus, in Northside Hall, and became a federal documents depository in 1965.
South Bend
- 1965–1994The Wells Years: Zoo Mobile, the Veldt, and 550 Animals
From eighteen exhibits and five and a half acres in 1965, the zoo had become a mid-sized American zoo with a volunteer corps nearly as large as its paid staff — the community-built character of the founding, carried into operations.
Fort Wayne
- 1965–2008The weather-disaster set: the crest, the outbreak, the blizzard
The outbreak: the Palm Sunday outbreak of 11 April 1965, the benchmark tornado day of northern Indiana, tore across the counties around this one; the township's own share of that day — a track, a farm, a damage line…
New Carlisle
- 1965–2026The moving line, listed as far as the record lists it: a litigated annexation, a standing procedure, one lot in 2026 — and the wave table that is not open
In the matter of the annexation of certain territory to the City of Mishawaka — two cases together, decided by the Appellate Court of Indiana on 16 December 1965, rehearing denied 20 January 1966, and reported at 138 Indiana Appellate 207 (212 N.E.2d 393)…
Granger
- 1965–2026The Memorial Question: Two Flag Poles and a Veterans' Section
AMERICAN LEGION POST 303 1965"; the southeast pole, "THIS FLAG POLE DEDICATED IN HONOR OF ALL VETERANS INTERRED IN THE PARK.
Granger
- 1965–2026What stands outdoors: a statue, a mural, and two flagpoles
Its first dated piece is not a statue but a pair of flagpoles: at St. Joseph Valley Memorial Park, the memorial cemetery at 375 West Cleveland Road, two flagpoles were dedicated in 1965, in the American Legion's own memorial register, "in honor of all veterans interred in the park"…
Granger
- 1965–2026The athletes: a softball town, mostly — each tie stated
Phil Allen — Wabash College's Athletics Hall of Fame: he "entered Wabash in 1965 from Osceola, Indiana"; a sprinter and jumper who rewrote the Wabash and Little State sprint records, team MVP three seasons, an NCAA national-meet qualifier, Phi Beta Kappa, and an NCAA Postgraduate Scholarship winner.
Osceola
- 1965–2026The festival course: homecoming, summer festival, and the Fourth
The documentary spine is the parks pass's: a Homecoming event "in Place park" in September 1965; the town board's permission in May 1972 for the 4-H horse show at Place Park "in conjunction with the Summer Festival"; the Summer Youth Program at Place Park in June–July 1984 with its carnival booths.
Walkerton
- 1965–2026The Coach Succession the Record Reaches, and the Defining Players at Their True Size
That Thacker is the fifteenth proves fourteen predecessors; the carriers reached name, in order, only the last three, and the twelve before Hostrawser bank as a named gap whose settler is the school athletics archive and the 1965-era-to-2012 yearbooks read whole.
Lakeville
- 1965–todayHead Start in Fort Wayne
Founded: 1965, the year the federal Head Start program began. Two operators stood it up in Fort Wayne at once.
Fort Wayne
- 1965–todayThe literary institutions: journals and presses
Indiana University South Bend's literary and visual arts journal began publishing in 1965 under the name Realm ; the university archives' finding aid holds Realm for 1965–1967 and the journal under its present name, Analecta , from 1972…
South Bend
- 1965–todayThe Backyard Brawl — the Penn rivalry from the Mishawaka side
The first Penn–Mishawaka game was played 5 November 1965 at Tupper Field and ended 0–0. The series' historical data is kept by Mishawaka football archivist Dean McCool, credited in the national account of the rivalry.
Mishawaka
- 1965–todaySharon Versyp — Miss Basketball of 1984, and Purdue's winningest coach
The player: Sharon Versyp was born 3 December 1965 in Mishawaka and played at Mishawaka High School from 1980 to 1984.
Mishawaka
- 1965–todayLaVille Jr–Sr High School — the Lancers, 1965 to Today
When the new high school opened in 1965, the township's high school course moved south of town to 69969 US 31 South — on the St. Joseph County side of the county line, as the line evidence in the next article shows.
Lakeville
- 1965–todayNorth Liberty Elementary: The Town's School Today
The school's earlier course is reached at one point before the present: in September 1965 Gary G. Nelson was its principal, announcing the opening enrollment for 7 September 1965 with eighth-grade pupils placed in the elementary building that year — a newspaper record at snippet strength, its grade table only partly recoverable.
North Liberty
- 1966The other Columbia Street: the clearance of 1966
The city's own preservation history calls the demolition of East Columbia Street, beginning in the fall of 1966, only months after West Columbia became a local historic district, "the most obvious illustration of Urban Renewal in Fort Wayne": scores of historic commercial buildings, from Calhoun Street east to Clay…
Fort Wayne
- 1966Pine Valley Country Club
The club's own present account dates its founding to 1966 and describes more than 160 acres on Pine Mills Road, and a brochure for the development survives from that same year, 1966, promising "golf at your doorstep."
Fort Wayne
- 1966Glenbrook Square: the region's mall
The Journal Gazette's construction photographs, republished in its Throwback Thursday series, show the giant taking shape through 1966; the mall opened in October of that year with some seventy stores.
Fort Wayne
- 1966The Holiday houses: Northcrest's twin and six-plex
The Holiday Theatre at 949 Northcrest Shopping Center opened as a single-screen house with Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines — the advertisement-based record dates the opening to March 4, 1966, while a local summary gives 1969…
Fort Wayne
- 1966September 1966: the Federal Building sighting and the Blue Book file
At 1450 Zulu (10:50 a.m. local) on 8 September 1966, two deputy clerks of the U.S. District Court, watching from the second floor of the Federal Building in Fort Wayne, observed a single circular object — "overall shape resembled two soup bowls, the upper bowl inverted and the rim of the bowls mated"…
Fort Wayne
- 1966The Society and the Self-Supporting Model
The society: In 1966, the year after the opening, the Fort Wayne Zoological Society was formed — the parks chronology carries the line in a single entry.
Fort Wayne
- 1966The two great deeds in kind: a company's memory, and a mansion
The Studebaker deed: When Studebaker ended automobile production in 1966, the company gave the City of South Bend the two things it had kept longest: its vehicle collection — begun by Clement Studebaker in the nineteenth century, holding the carriages of presidents and the family's own Conestoga wagon…
South Bend
- 1966REAL Services
Founding: REAL Services was founded in 1966 by Lester J. "Les" Fox, and its own history states the cause plainly: Studebaker's closing in the mid-1960s had stranded the plant's oldest workers, and Resources for Enriching Adult Living — REAL — was the response.
South Bend
- 1966United Health Services of St. Joseph County
Its Form 990 gives its year of formation as 1966 and the federal exemption record is dated March 1968; the United Way's published legacy history likewise names United Health Services among the agencies established in its mid-century decades.
South Bend
- 1966The gift of 1966 and the wandering years
The deed: In 1966, the year the last Studebaker was built, the Studebaker Corporation deeded its original vehicle collection and its archives to the City of South Bend, "with the agreement that the city would provide a suitable home to house and display the collection," in the words of the museum's archivist Andrew Beckman.
South Bend
- 1966The Emmy record: two wins, one nomination, and one claim that fails
The first win came at the start of his career — Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Drama for 1966, for an episode of Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre, "The Game" — after nominations in the same category in 1963 (for Ben Casey) and 1964.
South Bend
- 1966Scottsdale Mall: the city's own mall
The Tribune announced the "all-weather shopping center" on July 3, 1966, for the southeast corner of Miami and Ireland, beside the Scottsdale housing addition that gave it its name.
South Bend
- 1966Todd A. Fonseca: the engineer who wrote the cavern
The tie, exactly: Todd A. Fonseca was born October 3, 1966, in Mishawaka.
Mishawaka
- 1966Jim Gaffigan: the claim, tested where it belongs
The people file of this build tested it and printed the result whole: James Christopher Gaffigan was born July 7, 1966, at Elgin, Illinois, and raised at Chesterton, in northwest Indiana — "the Chesterton raising is the one he himself builds his act on"…
Mishawaka
- 1966Todd A. Fonseca — the engineer's two caverns
Todd A. Fonseca was born in Mishawaka on 3 October 1966; the life — Marquette degrees in electrical and biomedical engineering, a Medtronic vice-presidency, a Minnesota home — stands in People at the thin size the record gives it.
Mishawaka
- 1966The imperial-door mechanism: the Canadian plant as the door to Empire trade
The door outlasted the wagon era and the parent plant itself: when South Bend stopped automobile production on 20 December 1963, Studebaker production continued at Hamilton, Ontario , and the last Studebaker automobile rolled off the Hamilton line on 17 March 1966.
Osceola
- 1966The 1966 Michigan State game, and the polling printed exactly
The game: November 19, 1966, at Spartan Stadium in East Lansing: No. 1 Notre Dame, 8–0, against No. 2 Michigan State, 9–0, shown to a national television audience under a special dispensation.
Notre Dame
- 1966–1973The prisoners: Kernan and Kasler
James Helms Kasler: the second pillar, cross-referenced to his own entry above — shot down 8 August 1966, held six and a half years until 4 March 1973, and decorated as a prisoner with his third Air Force Cross and his second Silver Star, both for resistance under coercion and torture.
South Bend
- 1966–1975Vietnam: the six — Walkerton's whole share of the county's fifty-four
On 22 March 1966, the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency's account runs, he left a secured encampment near the village of Viem Dong, in Quang Nam Province, after returning from a combat patrol, and did not come back; he was declared missing on 23 March 1966.
Walkerton
- 1966–1981The Northern State years and the end
In 1966 the Shamrocks moved with their peers into the Northern State Conference — into the same league as the new John Glenn Falcons, the rivalry the schools file records.
North Liberty
- 1966–2021April Pulley Sayre — the resident nature writer
April Pulley Sayre was born in Greenville, South Carolina, on 11 April 1966, trained as a biologist at Duke, and took her MFA at Vermont College of Fine Arts in 2000.
South Bend
- 1966–2022Vietnam: the thirty-one verified a third way, the thirty-second man named, and the accounting check run
He is James Wayne Emerson , United States Army, born 23 July 1944, home of record South Bend, Washington , killed 25 August 1966, his name on Panel 10E, Line 38 of the Wall.
South Bend
- 1966–2026The unaccounted-for: the county's man is South Bend's
It carries exactly one St. Joseph County man still unaccounted for: Major John Russell Hills of South Bend, a pilot of the 1st Air Commando Squadron, whose A-1E Skyraider was lost over Laos on February 14, 1966, and whose case stands in the agency's "Active Pursuit" status.
Mishawaka
- 1966–2026Park government as its own article: the board created in 1966, never abolished, and the director line to 2026
The St. Joseph County Parks and Recreation Board was formed in 1966: the county's own Bendix Woods pages record that the Bendix Corporation donated 175 acres and the Studebaker Clubhouse to the St. Joseph County Parks and Recreation Board in 1966, the gift going to a "newly formed Parks Board," and the South Bend…
Granger
- 1966–2026The Campus in Buildings
The Holy Cross Provincial Center — the Midwest Brothers' residence and office — was the first building erected on the ground, in 1966, its construction photograph anchoring the province's account of the year.
Notre Dame
- 1966–todayThe company's memory, in one line
The company's own collection of its vehicles and archives, given to the city in 1966, is held by the Studebaker National Museum at 201 Chapin Street — its record, including the last South Bend car and the last Hamilton car, both preserved there, belongs to the Museums leg of this history and is not retold here.
South Bend
- 1966–todayThe Studebaker National Museum — where the presidents' carriages live
The collection's road: The Studebaker Corporation donated its historic collection to the City of South Bend in 1966, when the company closed; the gift is put at 33 vehicles in the visitor bureau's telling and 37 in Hemmings' history of the museum, and both figures stand here as printed there.
South Bend
- 1966–todayThe county's sugar camp, and the campus table's signature sandwich
It is carried now, at boundary size, from the county record: Bendix Woods County Park, 32132 State Road 2, New Carlisle — St. Joseph County's first county park, on ground the Studebaker Corporation took in 1926 for its proving grounds, some 175 acres of it donated to the newly formed park board by the Bendix…
Granger
- 1966–todayThe service clubs, at record size
The IRS exempt-organizations record, as carried in the nonprofit directories, holds two subordinate entries for the International Association of Lions Clubs at 26750 Quinn Road, North Liberty: one under the secondary name North Liberty Lions Club (EIN 35-6063801, ruling dated March 1966) and one under the secondary…
North Liberty
- 1966–todayHoly Cross College — at Its Civic Position
The Brothers of Holy Cross opened it in 1966, at Notre Dame, as a two-year college to educate the members of their own order.
Notre Dame
- 1966–today
- 19679 March 1967: the minister's X of lights
The report: NICAP's chronology for 1967 — built from the organization's files and the Blue Book archive — carries a Fort Wayne entry in full: "March 9, 1967; Fort Wayne, IN.
Fort Wayne
- 1967First jets: United's Caravelles, January 1967
Jets reached the bend on a milk run: In January 1967 United Air Lines began flying Sud Aviation Caravelles through South Bend on the route Chicago O'Hare–South Bend–Fort Wayne–Newark and back — French-built twinjets on a four-city chain that gave two Indiana cities their first jet service on the same airplane.
South Bend
- 1967The Black press of South Bend · The Reformer, and the papers that were not this city's
A weekly of the community's own, verified from two directions: South Bend's Black newspaper of record was The Reformer , founded in 1967 — the Notre Dame Scholastic of 15 December 1967 already calls it "a weekly newspaper," in the act of covering the Phillips fund…
South Bend
- 1967Anthony Johnson: Formed at Adams, the Panthers' First Thousand-Yard Rusher
Anthony Scott Johnson's tie is the schoolboy formation, and the record states it exactly: the registers give his birth as October 25, 1967, in Indianapolis, while the Jacksonville Jaguars' own signing release called him "a native of South Bend" — the schooling explains the wording.
South Bend
- 1967The city's own: All-America City, twice
The National Civic League's All-America City Award belongs to the city itself, and the League's own winners list gives South Bend two years: 1967 and 2011.
South Bend
- 1967The mall that stayed on paper: the St. Joseph Valley Regional Center, May 1967
In May 1967 a master plan for downtown Mishawaka was drawn at a scale nothing in the county was ever built to: the St. Joseph Valley Regional Center.
Mishawaka
- 1967Plans as maps: the drawn half of the comprehensive plan
Its federal-era sheet is the Area Plan Commission's 1967 map of the 1960 census tracts for South Bend and Mishawaka, at about 1:24,000 — the two cities ruled into statistical districts, the planning map as an instrument of the census state.
Mishawaka
- 1967Dress on show: the Julianna Club bridal fashion show, 1967
In the issue of May–June 1967 (Vol. 26, No. 3), the magazine reported the annual card party of the Julianna Club, the company's women's club, held that April, and named its highlight: a bridal fashion show.
Mishawaka
- 1967Dress on Show
The row asks for at least one named, dated public fashion event — the 1967 bridal fashion-show pattern — with its sponsoring club or store.
Osceola
- 1967The Lily Road campus: the township's high school ground
Before Darden Road , Clay's secondary schooling stood on Lily Road: a 1967 commencement program places its exercises in the "Clay Junior High School Gymnasium, 52900 Lily Road "…
Roseland
- 1967–1968Georgetown Square: the neighborhood center that outlasted the malls
A Journal Gazette photograph of the first phase's groundbreaking — for a Lincoln National Bank & Trust branch and the ninth Rogers Market — is dated November 2, 1967, a season ahead of the center's own dating of its first groundbreaking to 1968; the record carries both, the photograph and the anniversary.
Fort Wayne
- 1967–1968July 1967 and April 1968 · the shooting of Melvin Phillips, and four thousand marchers
The summer the Lake's grievances came due in one night: The LaSalle Park neighborhood — "the Lake" — entered the summer of 1967 with a drained lake turned city dump still burning beside it, unpaved streets, and a renewal plan that had already taken homes.
South Bend
- 1967–1968July 1967 and April 1968 · the shooting, the curfew, and the march
The city's modern unrest, at this section's size: In July 1967 , after a South Bend police officer shot Melvin Phillips , the city's west side rose in nights of disorder that ended with a curfew imposed at 10:07 p.m. and a request for the National Guard…
South Bend
- 1967–1973Richard C. Brenneman: the fullest record the city holds
The day he was lost — the Distinguished Flying Cross: On 8 November 1967, First Lieutenant Brenneman flew his first mission into North Vietnam.
Mishawaka
- 1967–2001The October tornadoes · 1967's single, and the outbreak of 24 October 2001
October is not tornado season in northern Indiana, which is what makes the county's two October entries the systematic record's outliers: On 24 October 1967 a lone F1 touched down in St. Joseph County at 5:40 p.m. and hurt no one.
South Bend
- 1967–2007The ledger of losses, complete and separate from the rescues
Boundary losses, named with dates: the Oliver Hotel, South Bend's flagship, demolished 1967 (its corner's later life is told in the Hotels & Motels addendum, art-69-10); the ten-story Odd Fellows Building, gone in the urban-renewal era; the Oliver Opera House (built 1885…
Osceola
- 1967–2017Brand successions on one corner to the present
Boundary — the successions run whole, flag by flag, at the strength the record reached: on the flagship's corner — Main and Washington, where the Oliver stood until 1967…
Osceola
- 1967–2019Two fairs: Leeper Park and Art Beat
The Leeper Park Art Fair began in 1967 in the riverside park north of downtown, sponsored by the St. Joe Valley Watercolor Society, founded in 1959 by the artist and teacher Jozef Wrobel, who began the fair.
South Bend
- 1967–2026The teaching ledger around her: the state's title and the Milken, tested
The Indiana Teacher of the Year test: the Department of Education's own roll of past Indiana Teachers of the Year was read whole, from 1967 through 2024 as the department prints it.
Granger
- 1967–2026Unrest, firsts, the Black press, displacement counted — and the reparatory accounting, dated
Racial unrest struck South Bend's west side 25–28 July 1967.
Granger
- 1967–2026Unrest, firsts, press, and displacement in a row — and the closing accounting, dated
Unrest: the county's 1967 unrest ran 25–28 July 1967, and its precipitating shooting is named: Melvin Phillips was shot on 26 July 1967 outside the LaSalle Neighborhood Center, 2910 West Western Avenue.
Osceola
- 1967–todayThe training pipeline: youth orchestra and community school
The youth orchestra: The South Bend Youth Symphony Orchestras were formed in 1967 by the two institutions that between them ran the city's classrooms — the South Bend Community School Corporation and Indiana University South Bend, acting cooperatively — to give junior-high-level musicians a high-calibre all-city ensemble.
South Bend
- 1968A new Main: the 1968 building
The new building, designed by Bradley and Bradley Architects (Carl Bradley), rose at Wayne and Webster streets with 173,500 square feet at a cost of 3,000,000 dollars, and was dedicated on 21 August 1968.
Fort Wayne
- 1968Sharon Wichman: sixteen years old, and Fort Wayne's first Olympic gold
Mexico City: On 24 October 1968, at sixteen, Wichman won the 200-meter breaststroke in an Olympic record 2 minutes 44.4 seconds, the first American woman ever to win that event at an Olympic Games, and added a bronze medal in the 100-meter breaststroke.
Fort Wayne
- 1968Ivy Tech South Bend — the Working College, in a Studebaker Plant and a Retired High School
In South Bend, in the college’s own campus history, “It began in 1968 on West Sample Street in the old Studebaker plant while a nearby unused high school was enlarged and remodeled.
South Bend
- 1968Big Brothers Big Sisters: the Agency That Closed in 2025
Founding: The mentoring agency's founding year is 1968 — the year its federal charity record carries for Big Brothers Big Sisters Southern Lake Michigan Region Inc., and the same year the agency's own arithmetic gives: when it closed in June 2025 it announced, on its own page, that it was shuttering "after 57 years."
South Bend
- 1968Robert Kennedy's two South Bend days, 1968
On Thursday, April 4, 1968, about a thousand people met his plane at the airport — the Tribune reported the crowd "screamed" and "squealed" as he got off with Ethel…
South Bend
- 1968A medical school on Angela Boulevard: IU School of Medicine—South Bend
The regional campus that became a research address: Indiana University began offering medical classes in South Bend in 1968 — the trial run, in the university's own magazine's phrase, for the School of Medicine's regional campus model.
South Bend
- 1968Frankie's BBQ: the Washington Street smokehouse of 1968
Its founding is carried by a 2026 feature at attributed strength: opened in 1968; founded by James Charles Trotter Sr. and Frankie Fellows; run now by their son, Sean Pierre Trotter.
South Bend
- 1968The pool test: Mishawaka opened its first municipal pool in 1968
Mishawaka's first municipal pool is the Olympic-size pool at Merrifield Park, opened in 1968 — with the ice rink, in the park-building years after the Civil Rights Act…
Mishawaka
- 1968The nightclub test, and the adult-business record
The largest entertainment conversion in the city's record — the Kamm & Schellinger brewery complex at 100 Center, remade from 1968 — is documented as shops, restaurants, artist studios and a cinema (the cinema is the Theaters section's); no nightclub or disco at 100 Center was found in the record reached, and none is printed.
Mishawaka
- 196820 October 1968: John Glenn dedicates the school that bears his name
The event, two sources agreeing: the consolidated John Glenn High School opened in 1968, and it "was dedicated on October 20, 1968 , with NASA astronaut John Glenn, for whom it is named, present" — the school's own record, citing page 60 of Sheneman's Southern St. Joseph County…
Walkerton
- 1968The baseball lineage, era by era — at the strength the record carries
The one-school era: New Carlisle High School's teams, to the school's close in 1968.
New Carlisle
- 1968The campus table: the Knights of Columbus steak sandwich
The start is dated two ways in print, and both are carried here: the council's own history and Notre Dame Magazine's account, built on interviews with founder John Walker '72, date the first sale to 1968, when council members grilled about fifty ribeyes for themselves, drew a crowd, and sold sandwiches at the next…
Notre Dame
- 1968The university clubs, at the CDP boundary
The University Club of Notre Dame: The university's faculty club was built on a gift: Robert Gore Sr., who never attended Notre Dame, gave $350,000 in 1967 to construct the University Club, which opened in 1968 on Notre Dame Avenue.
Notre Dame
- 1968–1970The Tower on the Oliver's Corner: Holiday Inn, Magnuson, Aloft
Construction began in 1968 on a twenty-five-story bank tower — the American National Bank Building, later the Valley American Bank Building, the Chase Tower, and today Liberty Tower — topped out in 1970.
South Bend
- 1968–1980The downtown unmade: renewal, the hole, and the mall that stayed on paper
South Bend's Central Downtown Urban Renewal Project, Indiana R-66, was already a public plan by March 1968, when the downtown council unveiled the model: a remodelled core with a shopping mall, an eleven-acre cultural center, and two new parking garages, on a project the federal government was to fund at two-thirds of…
Granger
- 1968–1982The footwear leaves: the 1968 announcement and the Chrapliwy case
The record shows otherwise, and this entry prints the record: what happened in 1968–70 was the removal of the footwear divisions — the original business, and the maker of the name — from a plant that then worked twenty-eight more years on its other lines.
Mishawaka
- 1968–1986The locally produced phenomenon: Dave Williams and Beyond Our Control — South Bend's teenagers, South Bend's station, tested for a Granger tie and not absorbed
The phenomenon, whole, as its own city's: Beyond Our Control was a youth-produced sketch-comedy series made almost entirely by high-school students and aired on WNDU-TV, the University of Notre Dame's NBC affiliate in South Bend, for nineteen seasons, 1968 to 1986…
Granger
- 1968–1986The locally produced phenomenon: Beyond Our Control — the show the city's own teenagers produced, 1968–1986
Beyond Our Control was a youth-produced sketch-comedy television series aired on WNDU-TV, the NBC affiliate in South Bend, for 19 seasons, 1968 to 1986.
Osceola
- 1968–2026The ethnic superlative, tested comparatively: no "second-largest" here — and the paired counts measure different cities doing different things
Its counted moments are hall crowds, not street crowds — Robert Kennedy's 1968 visit is the type specimen, with some 5,000 inside Stepan Center and over 1,000 more outside, 6,000 and more at the courthouse speech, and 1,500 and more inside the club itself.
Granger
- 1968–2026The Falcons' frame: conference, rivals, and the shape of the record
The consolidated school's teams are the Falcons of the Northern Indiana Conference: John Glenn High School, dedicated on 20 October 1968 with John Glenn himself present (the Schools section carries the school whole), fields the town's teams in the IHSAA's tournament classes.
Walkerton
- 1968–2026The school's arts: bands, choirs, a literary magazine, and a spell-bowl dynasty
Since 1968 the town's largest cultural institution has been its consolidated high school: John Glenn High School's program, as its own account gives it, runs a Drama Club, a Swing Choir, a Jazz Band, a Marching Band, a Concert Band, a Color Guard and an Art Club…
Walkerton
- 1968–2026The Whole Course: Junior College, Baccalaureate College, Near-Closure, Growth
The junior college era ran from 1968 to about 1990.
Notre Dame
- 1968–today
- 1968–todayMartin Luther King Montessori School
Founded: 1968, in direct response to the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Three Fort Wayne women — Dottie Fitchey, Dorothy Holt and Mary Hoban — founded the school to give low-income preschool children a Montessori education.
Fort Wayne
- 1968–todayTranspo: the public corporation
1968: The South Bend Public Transportation Corporation is a municipal corporation, and its officers date its public ownership themselves: Transpo's general manager and CEO, briefing the South Bend Common Council's Public Works committee on 8 August 2016 in the city's own minutes, stated that Transpo is a municipal…
South Bend
- 1968–todayThe public corporation and the Mishawaka Transfer Center, 1968 to today
The corporation: In 1968 the two cities set up the South Bend Public Transportation Corporation — Transpo — to take over the bus operation from the privately operated Northern Indiana Transit.
Mishawaka
- 1968–todayThe medical school as research campus: IU School of Medicine–South Bend
No medical school stands in the CDP — the schools file tests the ground whole and finds no college at all — but the branch school that teaches this ground's physicians is a research campus in its own right, and this article prints its own identity, not its parent's: the Indiana University School of Medicine began…
Granger
- 1968–todayThe Falcons, at the town's size
The Falcons began in 1968, in a corporation North Liberty did not yet belong to, and were the Shamrocks' rivals until the merger made them the town's own.
North Liberty
- 1968–todayPurcell Pavilion — the home
The building: The program's home opened in December 1968 as the Athletic and Convocation Center — nine years before the varsity team existed — and was renamed the Edmund P. Joyce Center in 1987 for the university's former executive vice president.
Notre Dame
- 1969The river as amenity: festivals, trails, and the facing of the water
The last turn is back toward the banks: The city that had walled its rivers off behind dikes announced its change of heart, characteristically, with a party: the Three Rivers Festival, founded in 1969 and named outright for the confluence, drew an estimated 100,000 people to its first edition and a parade and sixty…
Fort Wayne
- 1969The Soap Box Derby at Franke Park
On March 24, 1969, Tom Chapman, secretary of Fort Wayne Soap Box Derby, Inc., broke ground for a purpose-built derby track in Franke Park, and on July 20, 1969, the first Fort Wayne Soap Box Derby ran down it: sixty cars, boys aged eleven to fifteen, the winner taking a $500 savings bond and a paid trip to Derby Downs…
Fort Wayne
- 1969Blackhawk Ministries
The church — legally Blackhawk Baptist Church, Inc., today Blackhawk Ministries — was founded in 1969 and first led by Dr. David Jeremiah, newly arrived from Cedarville College; it began in two side-by-side modular trailers on East State Boulevard.
Fort Wayne
- 1969The headquartered denominations
In 1969 it merged with the United Missionary Church — the merger convention met in Detroit — to form the Missionary Church, an evangelical denomination whose national office remains in Fort Wayne, on Vanguard Drive, serving some 492 United States congregations as of 2025.
Fort Wayne
- 1969Southtown Mall: the second mall, and the first to die
Melvin Simon & Associates of Indianapolis opened it in stages through 1969 — the Wolf & Dessauer store's grand opening came on March 10 and the mall-wide dedication on September 16 — with three anchors: JCPenney, Montgomery Ward, and a Wolf & Dessauer that became an L.S. Ayres when Ayres absorbed the chain.
Fort Wayne
- 1969The Zoo in the City's School Life
The Zoo Mobile of 1969 — established by Earl Wells, in the sanctuary's old circus-wagon line — visited every third-grade classroom in Allen County: the zoo did not wait for the schools to come to Franke Park, but carried its animals to the county's children where they sat.
Fort Wayne
- 1969Susan Choi — the novelist
The tie, exactly: Choi was born in South Bend in 1969 — to a Korean father and a Jewish mother — and was raised in South Bend and in Houston, Texas, where the family moved during her childhood.
South Bend
- 1969Susan Choi — six novels from a South Bend birth
Susan Choi was born in South Bend on 28 January 1969, to a Korean father and a Jewish mother, and was raised in South Bend and in Houston, Texas, where the family moved during her childhood — Famous People carries the tie at that exact strength, and this entry keeps it.
South Bend
- 1969The Academy Awards: Sydney Pollack, raised here
(1969); Best Director and Best Picture for Tootsie (1982); Best Picture, as a producer of Michael Clayton (2007); and a last Best Picture nomination, posthumous, for The Reader (2008), which reached him after his death on 26 May 2008.
South Bend
- 1969The second industrial age: the contract truck plant
The system changed its product a third time, and changed its nature with it: The third life began, as the second had, in an existing building repurposed: the components plant Rockwell built on McKinley Highway, taken by Kaiser-Jeep for truck beds in 1969 and converted by AM General to bus assembly in 1974, was converted again…
Mishawaka
- 1969Timothy J. DeGeeter: raised on the line, mayor across the lake
The standard biographies give his birth as June 16, 1969, in South Bend, and describe him as raised in South Bend.
Mishawaka
- 1969The wreck record: New Carlisle, 11 November 1969
On 11 November 1969, at 3:20 p.m., on Penn Central's Chicago Division 2.7 miles west of New Carlisle and 62.8 miles east of Division Post, Chicago, a freight train — Extra 2372 East — ran into the rear of a mail-and-express train standing on track No. 1: one train-service employee killed, two injured.
New Carlisle
- 1969Potato Creek State Park: township ground, not town ground
The record gives the park three dates, and they print whole because they are three different events that looser sources conflate into one "establishment": the area was designated to become a park in 1969; the six square miles were formally dedicated on 6 June 1977 by Governor Otis R. Bowen, as Potato Creek Recreation Area…
North Liberty
- 1969Potato Creek State Park: 3,840 acres and a lake a man nagged into being
The park was established in 1969, before the lake, on primarily farmland. Native peoples used the area for hunting and fishing and gathered the wild tubers that gave the creek its name.
North Liberty
- 1969–1971AM General is formed
The sale announced: On 2 December 1969, at the Detroit Hilton, AMC chairman Roy D. Chapin Jr. announced the agreement to buy the Kaiser Jeep Corporation from Kaiser Industries.
Mishawaka
- 1969–1972The Odyssey — invented elsewhere, engineered here, built in Tennessee
Baer demonstrated the Brown Box to Magnavox management in the company's Fort Wayne boardroom — Indianapolis Monthly dates the demonstration to 17 July 1969; the Odyssey FAQ compiled from Baer's book dates his demonstration to Fort Wayne's television-set engineering, production and marketing management to 17 July 1970.
Fort Wayne
- 1969–1978Cole Precision Castings
Founded: 1969, Fort Wayne. The Ward Corporation company history timeline dates the start directly: in 1969 Marion Ward's brother Gail Cole started an aluminum foundry, Cole Precision Castings.
Fort Wayne
- 1969–1992The manager: Myrna Daube, 1969–1992
Myrna R. Daube of Walkerton (born November 15, 1924; died March 6, 2016) was, by her obituary published in the Pilot News of Plymouth, "the manager of the Walkerton License Branch from 1969 to 1992," and the branch under her had "the reputation as being the friendly license branch in St. Joseph County."
Walkerton
- 1969–2025The festival city: Three Rivers and Johnny Appleseed
Three Rivers: In July 1969 Fort Wayne gave its gathering instinct a subject: itself.
Fort Wayne
- 1969–2025Three Rivers Festival: the children's parade and the 527-foot hot dog
The first summer: The Three Rivers Festival, which for most of its life was the family summer in Fort Wayne compressed into nine days, began on 12 July 1969 with an estimated 100,000 people at a grand parade and 60 events on the Columbia Street Landing…
Fort Wayne
- 1969–2025The street fair downtown: Three Rivers, in fair terms only
It began on 12 July 1969 with an estimated 100,000 people at a grand parade and 60 events on the Columbia Street Landing, ran nine days in mid-July, and grew to be called Indiana's second-largest summer festival, a 501(c)(4) nonprofit funded entirely by vendor participation fees, souvenir and refreshment sales…
Fort Wayne
- 1969–2025Novelists, graded by exact tie
Susan Choi was born in South Bend on 28 January 1969 and lived there to the age of nine.
Osceola
- 1969–2026The modern rebuild's money: what was bonded, and what the record does not price
The gap, named first because it is the finding: No bond amount for the 1969 Lincolnway building, and no bond amount for the 1998 downtown expansion, stands in any source reached for this build…
Mishawaka
- 1969–todayIvy Tech Fort Wayne
Fort Wayne instruction began in the summer of 1969 in leased space in the former Concordia Lutheran High School building at 1711 Maumee Ave — the building Concordia had left in 1964 — with two programs: Drafting Technology and Secretarial Sciences.
Fort Wayne
- 1969–todayTyler: the December 1969 Chevrolet store in Niles
"In December of 1969 our company was founded as a Chevrolet dealership by our father Tim Tyler and his partner Terry Linville."
South Bend
- 1969–todayThe museum on township ground: the Potato Creek Nature Center
The park, at 25601 State Road 4 in Liberty Township, was established in 1969 on what was primarily farmland, and its reservoir was created in 1977 (DNR park history).
North Liberty
- 1969–todayThe club movement's surviving form: Tri Kappa, Zeta Pi, 1969
Kappa Kappa Kappa — Tri Kappa — is Indiana's own women's philanthropic sorority, founded at Indianapolis in 1901 to promote charity, culture, and education; its chapter list records the Zeta Pi chapter at North Liberty, chartered 28 March 1969 and active.
North Liberty