St. Joseph County, Indiana · 19th century
1870s
158 dated events in 1870s, in order. Part of the full timeline.
19th century 158 dated mentions
1870s
- 1870Adolph Kamm and Nicholas Schellinger — the brother-in-law brewery
In 1870 the brewery was purchased by Adolph Kamm and Clemens Dick, who came to it from Toledo, Ohio — the firm of Dick and Kamm.
Mishawaka
- 1870The union and the company: Dick & Kamm, the partnership of 1879/1880, and an incorporation carried two ways
The purchase: In 1870 John Wagner sold his interest in the brewery to Clemens Dick and Adolph Kamm — De Kever's phrasing, "Wagner sold his interest," keeps the founder in the transaction the company account tells as a purchase…
Mishawaka
- 1870–1880The Saloon-Era Killings
Indicted at the October term of 1870, Stage was tried on a change of venue to Marshall County, where the defense's plea of self-defense — aided by Tibbetts's reputation as a dangerous and quarrelsome man — acquitted him.
South Bend
- 1870–18891870–1889 — 74 linkages
H. C. Baker — blacksmithing (1875 atlas; settled 1870; patrons list). John N. Fetzer — blacksmithing (1875 atlas; from the Rhineland; settled 1847; patrons list).
North Liberty
- 1870–1892Rising, 1870–1892 — cornerstone, first Mass, consecration, steeple
The start: Foundations were begun in the spring of 1870. The cornerstone was laid on 31 May 1871 — the tour's word is "blessed" — with six bishops present, among them Archbishop John Purcell of Cincinnati, on the Basilica's history page's account.
Notre Dame
- 1870–1900The first store the record names: Henry S. Plumb, 1870 — and George F. Eberhart's two years in the 1890s
The earliest Osceola merchant the county histories name by name and date is a miller's son-in-law: Henry S. Plumb "came to this county in 1864 and married Miss Alma A. Bancroft the next day after arriving" — Zelotes Bancroft's daughter…
Osceola
- 1870–1905The rail-served plant
The Michigan Central's branch reached the East Bank in 1870 and terminated at the Singer facility on East Madison, with its yards across Niles Street — a railroad ending, literally, at a cabinet works' door.
South Bend
- 1870–1919The South Bend National Bank — Charter No. 1739
The second charter: The South Bend National Bank was organized on 9 November 1870 and chartered on 29 November 1870, OCC Charter No. 1739.
South Bend
- 1870–1928The mother church and the parish founded because the others were closed
Boundary — the mother church: Olivet African Methodist Episcopal Church was organised in 1870 by the Reverend J. Bundy with nine charter members — among them Mr. and Mrs. Farrow Powell, of the family whose settlement stands in art-68-1…
Osceola
- 1870–1951The Kamm Money: Beer, a Brother-in-Law's Milling Wealth, and an Island's Name
The brewery on the river — John Wagner's of 1850 — was bought in 1870 by Adolph Kamm (born 13 June 1842 at Zöbingen, Württemberg, brought to America at eight) and Clemens Dick, from Toledo…
Mishawaka
- 1870–1992The Basilica of the Sacred Heart
At pointer size here: the university’s church — raised from 1870, consecrated in 1888, named a minor basilica on 17 January 1992 — is told whole in this history’s Basilica record, which follows this section: the building and its Le Mans glass, Gregori’s murals and painted program, the documented restorations of 1931…
Notre Dame
- 1870–2006The Michigan Central's branch from Niles
The third steam road came down from Michigan, and its track ran past the college: The Michigan Central reached South Bend not on its main line — that ran through Niles, eleven miles north…
South Bend
- 1870–2020The census line, 1870–2020
The town's first separate census return is 1870, not 1880: 223 people.
North Liberty
- 1870–2020The series in full: 1870 to 2020, with the missing censuses named
The series therefore begins, honestly, in 1870 — thirty-four years after the plat — and that late start is itself a fact about a small unincorporated village, not a gap papered over.
North Liberty
- 1870–2020The eras read off the numbers
The first, 1870 to 1920, is village growth: from 223 to 684 across fifty years, with the fastest single decade the 1870s at 55.2 percent and a near-standstill in the 1910s at 0.4 percent — the decade the railroads that made the town a junction were already built and the farm economy around it was full.
North Liberty
- 1870–2026The Baptist arc, 1870–2026: a church built, a building borrowed, a name that returns
"In 1870 the Baptist church was erected," Chapman writes, "and in 1876 the Roman Catholics put up a church building."
Walkerton
- 1870–todayNo Black congregation of its own: the searched record
The one founding that touches this ground is a Powell founding, across the river: in 1870 the Rev. John Bundy and nine charter members, among them Farrow and Rebecca Powell — Elijah's father and mother…
Mishawaka
- 1870–todayOlivet A.M.E. · the mother church
Organized five years after the city itself: In 1870 the Rev. John Bundy and nine charter members — among them Farrow and Rebecca Powell — organized Olivet African Methodist Episcopal Church , the first Black church in South Bend and for many years the only African American congregation in St. Joseph County.
South Bend
- 1871Town to city: the charter of 1899
The question of a city charter was put and voted down in 1871, and put again and voted down in 1896. In February 1899 it was put a third time, and this time it carried, 702 to 336 — "the third time proved the charm," the Mishawaka Enterprise said.
Mishawaka
- 1871The Cole Brothers planing-mill fire, winter 1871
The one dated mill fire the record carries: Chapman (p. 720) dates the town's fire record in one line of the mills' course — the Cole Brothers planing mill was built in 1866 and burnt in the winter of 1871; Cole, Ragon & Co. was formed January 1, 1873, and built the North Liberty manufacturing establishment…
North Liberty
- 1871The women's half of the lodge world
The Eastern Star came to South Bend in 1871, when the order itself was barely twenty years old. The Rebekahs — the Odd Fellows' women's degree, written by the city's own Schuyler Colfax — kept Schuyler Rebekah Lodge and Helena Rebekah Lodge No. 72, and by 1921 a third, Lincoln Rebekah Lodge No. 795.
South Bend
- 1871–1880The water-works of 1879
Chapman's municipal beat, printed whole: the works were first proposed in 1871 and met opposition; the measure required a two-thirds vote of the property holders; George H. Service offered to insure the sale of the bonds at par; and "$7,000 of bonds negotiated at par, at seven per cent., with a savings bank in Vermont, to run 15 years."
New Carlisle
- 1871–1880The water-works of 1879 — voted, bonded, and built cheap
The project had first been proposed in 1871 and met "considerable opposition"; carrying it required a two-thirds vote of the property holders.
New Carlisle
- 1871–1885Van Lieu's Drug and Hardware Store — from 5 July 1871
His sketch of Alpheus O. Van Lieu (born 19 May 1849 in Tipton County, Tennessee; came to this county in January 1867) states it in the man's own record: " July 5, 1871, he engaged in the drug business in Lakeville … He is now doing a good business in drugs and hardware.
Lakeville
- 1871–1885The great fires, from the firemen's side
October 1871 — the night Chicago burned: The city's first documented fire emergency was a fire a hundred miles away.
South Bend
- 1871–1920Across the bridge: the Knoblock works, wagons to magnetos
The county's type case of the bridge is the Knoblock works, and Howard's 1907 county history carries it in consecutive sections, which is how it escaped notice: §9 gives the Knoblock Brothers' Manufacturing Company (organized April 18, 1871) on its way to the South Bend Chilled Plow Company, and §8, printed just…
Granger
- 1871–1925The other plow works: the rivals the flagship's story swallowed
The plow works that was not Oliver was the South Bend Chilled Plow Company, and it was a Knoblock house before it was a plow house: the Knoblock Brothers' Manufacturing Company was organized April 18, 1871, by John C., William and Theodore E. Knoblock and John H. Dolman, for farm implements…
Granger
- 1871–1925The South Bend Chilled Plow Company — the other plow works
On 18 April 1871 the Knoblock Brothers' Manufacturing Company — John C., William, and Theodore E. Knoblock, with John H. Dolman — was founded, and it bought and renovated the former Northern Indiana Normal College buildings at the west end of Washington Street.
South Bend
- 1871–1934The lines that did not come: the Michigan Central and the interurban, tested
The Michigan Central's South Bend branch came first: the Central's "Air Line" reached Niles from Jackson in 1870, and the branch from Niles to South Bend — twelve miles, with the single intermediate station at Bertrand, Michigan, on the 1901–02 state manual's list — opened in the same construction era, 1871.
Granger
- 1871–todayThe Grand Trunk on the north side
The sentence's dating does not survive the railroad's own chronology, and the conflict is printed whole: De Kever places the link "in the 1850s," but the Grand Trunk's predecessor in the valley was chartered by Indiana in 1866, its single track was built in 1871, it first operated as the Chicago & Lake Huron, and it…
Mishawaka
- 1871–todayThe trades whole I: undertakers into the Palmer line; printers
George A. Bettcher arrived in 1871 to assist his father-in-law's furniture-and-undertaking business — the father-in-law, the trade's true first holder here, named by no carrier reached, a gap inside the trade's first line.
North Liberty
- 1872The night the town burned: the great fire of 1872
On the night of September 5, 1872 — the fire broke out at 7:45 p.m., in Peter J. De Kever's account in the city's commissioned history — a downtown of wood-frame buildings, hay, and open flames, in hot, dry conditions and a strong wind, burned beyond the means at hand to stop it.
Mishawaka
- 1872The fire whose cause no record assigns
The worst night in the town's history begins with a sentence that declines to explain it: On the evening of 5 September 1872, fire broke out in Mishawaka and destroyed nearly ninety percent of the business district, the town hall with it — the town's hand engine stored inside the hall, so that the fire consumed the means of fighting it.
Mishawaka
- 1872The photographer as inventor: the solar-camera patent is Fort Wayne's transaction — cross-referenced, not retold as this county's
The Fort Wayne directory record states it in one sentence: in 1872 Elisha W. Poston and his partner (the Dille of the floor, a Fort Wayne photographer then listing himself as a "solar photographer" at 44 Calhoun) sold a patent in "improvement in solar-cameras" to John A. Shoaff.
Osceola
- 1872The South Bend Tribune: five generations, three sales short of a century and a half
The founding: The South Bend Weekly Tribune was first issued on 9 March 1872 by the Tribune Printing Company.
South Bend
- 1872The South Bend Tribune
The run: the Tribune was founded as a weekly by Alfred B. Miller and Elmer Crockett, two Union veterans who had worked together on Schuyler Colfax's Register ; the first four-page weekly appeared on Saturday evening, 9 March 1872, from the Tribune Printing Company at 127 West Washington Street.
South Bend
- 1872–1873The first library: a store room, a move, and a fire
The account printed in The Story of South Bend in 1920 dates it to 1872: "some of our public-spirited men realized the need for a public library.
South Bend
- 1872–1874The wagon works burned, twice · and the city watched it rebuild bigger
Fire was the factory city's recurring catastrophe, and its defining fire story is a story of rebuilding: In June 1872, twenty years after the Studebaker brothers opened their blacksmith shop, fire gutted the works.
South Bend
- 1872–1885The disasters · the Studebaker fires of 1872, 1874 and 1885
Fire was the nineteenth-century factory's standing enemy, and it came for the city's largest works three times: In June 1872 fire swept the Studebaker wagon works with a loss of nearly $100,000 — the Smithsonian's company chronology says the fire "almost destroys the company."
South Bend
- 1872–1886The fires that built the department: 1872, 1881, 1886
The night of 5 September 1872: The fire that remade Mishawaka broke out at 7:45 p.m. on 5 September 1872, in Peter De Kever's account in the city's own history — a night of hot, dry conditions and a strong wind, in a downtown of wood-frame buildings, hay, and open flames, served by inadequate firefighting equipment.
Mishawaka
- 1872–1920Edward A. Jernegan: the editor of forty-eight years, 1872–1920
In 1872 Edward A. Jernegan purchased the Enterprise, and the paper's wandering proprietorship ended for half a century.
Mishawaka
- 1872–1921The club movement: the Ladies' Library, the lodge auxiliaries of 1907, and the Woman's Club of 1911
After the fire of 1872, a ladies' subscription library — a dollar a year — circulated its books from borrowed rooms; in its later years the collection rested in a church annex, and at the end, in the telling the library's own history preserves, in the restrooms of the Mishawaka Woolen & Rubber Company.
Mishawaka
- 1872–1941George Ames Aldrich: the city's impressionist
George Ames Aldrich (1872–1941): the best-known landscape painter of South Bend's art scene in the 1920s, and the record's standing lesson in how an artist's own publicity outruns his life.
South Bend
- 1872–1946Edward Hale Campbell: a Navy Cross in command
Edward Hale Campbell was born in South Bend on 4 October 1872 and served in the United States Navy from 1893 to 1936, through the Spanish–American War and the First World War, retiring as a vice admiral.
South Bend
- 1872–1954Horses to machines: the mechanization succession on this ground
The first machine in this ground's farm record is not a tractor but a mower, and it is at work in 1872.
Granger
- 1872–1969The library that moved by book cart
The wanderings: Mishawaka's library began, on the surviving record, with a fire: the earliest-known collection, the Maclure library, was destroyed by fire in 1872, the year of the town's Great Fire.
Mishawaka
- 1872–2005The demolition ledger
The Great Fire, 5 September 1872: The ledger opens with the town's first erasure: the fire of 1872 took some ninety per cent of the business district, the town hall and the fire engine stored against just such a night, the First Presbyterian Church's 1846 building, and the Maclure library's collection…
Mishawaka
- 1872–2026The Tribune's century: paper of record for a place it never seated
The paper's own course is South Bend's whole — founded as a weekly on March 9, 1872, by Alfred B. Miller and Elmer Crockett, daily from May 28, 1873, Schurz-family owned for five generations and headquartered, in the company's later years, across the river in Mishawaka — and this section owns only its Granger course.
Granger
- 1873The First Stocking: Shad in the River, 1873
The Michigan State Board of Fish Commissioners' work is summarized in the Michigan DNR's own research report on exotic fish introductions: Jerome (1875) listed the stocking of 210,000 American shad fry in June 1873 in the Grand, Detroit, Flint, Raisin, and St. Joseph rivers…
Mishawaka
- 1873–1875Paul Beckwith, and the man visible only in his successor's advertisement
In 1873 Paul Beckwith's own directory notice at that address styles him "successor to A. VanSickle." In 1875 Albert McDonald advertised at the same address as successor to Paul Beckwith.
South Bend
- 1873–1878Bulla Bros.: the brothers on Michigan Street
The firm: Bulla Bros. — William D. Bulla and Thomas H. Bulla — worked at 88 Michigan Street from 1873 to 1877, one of the three photographic houses Turner's 1875 directory carries for the city, and a carte de visite bearing the firm's name and dated 3 March 1873 survives in the harvested record.
South Bend
- 1873–1907Water and the alarm: cisterns, the standpipe, and the Gamewell boxes
The Rivers section of this history carries the water works whole — the 1844 dam and the race, the municipal supply, and the city's present nine well fields of groundwater; what belongs here is the fire side of that record, and it turns on a single winter's work in 1873.
South Bend
- 1873–1916Mills, lumber and the wood trades — Rogers' flour mill, Schwartz & Tischer, the hoop factories
The planing mill's origin is settled from the neighboring township's chapter: North Liberty's Home Manufacturing Company, started in the fall of 1873 and discontinued, sold its machinery to Schwartz & Tischer, who "moved [it] to Walkerton, where they erected a planing-mill" (Chapman, Liberty Township chapter)…
Walkerton
- 1873–1918The foreign-language press: the Polish and German lines dug, circulation into Penn Township tested
The German line: Bockstahler's "The German Press in Indiana" ( Indiana Magazine of History ) lists South Bend's German paper by name: Der Indiana Courier , founded in September 1873 by a company of Germans.
Osceola
- 1873–1928Rooms of their own: the library's children's services
South Bend's public library began as a reading room on Michigan Street in 1873, under the South Bend Library and Reading Room Association, and its children's history is fixed here at the size the library's own history page supports: when the Tutt Branch opened in 1928, named for former Head Librarian Victoria M. Tutt…
South Bend
- 1873–1953The west-side press: Polish, German, and Hungarian papers
The German line ran from the Indiana Courier , established in 1873 in German and bought soon after by Gustav Fickentscher, who renamed it the South Bend Courier ; Andrew Troeger was afterward associated with him in the management, and the paper was, in Howard's phrase, "always a liberal, democratic journal."
South Bend
- 1873–1992The System's Founding Line: A Reading Room, a School Board, and "The Castle"
The system North Liberty joined in 1986 was founded by a school board: a voluntary reading room of 1873, a Board of Education resolution of 1888, and an opening in 1889 on the fourth floor of an opera house.
North Liberty
- 1873–1994The founding decade's firsts, and the county-name turn of 1990
1873: a reading room on Michigan Street, the South Bend Library and Reading Room Association. 1888: the Board of Education's resolution takes the library public.
Lakeville
- 1873–2002The Phoenix Bar & Grill: the room in the building the fire raised
On the night of 5 September 1872 the city's great fire began in a barn on West Second Street and destroyed 49 buildings and 82 businesses at a loss put at $140,000 — the fire's full record is the Fire & Safety section's…
Mishawaka
- 1873–2006Libraries, the Museum, the Press and the Station — the University's Memory and Voice
Small collections sat in professors' rooms and society shelves until President Auguste Lemonnier conceived a circulating library in 1872, opened in the Main Building in 1873…
Notre Dame
- 1873–2026One line, four names: the Grand Trunk succession whole
Peninsular Railway (to the consolidation of 15 August 1873); Chicago and Lake Huron Railroad (1873–1879); the Grand Trunk's purchase and the Chicago and Grand Trunk Railway , which incorporated the entire Port Huron–Chicago line in 1880…
Granger
- 1873–2026The east–west road: the Baltimore & Ohio, now CSX's Garrett Subdivision
The second railroad crossed the first eighteen years after the town was platted: the Baltimore, Pittsburgh & Chicago Railway built east–west through Walkerton in 1873, through service followed in 1874, and from 1876 the line ran as the Baltimore and Ohio and Chicago Railroad…
Walkerton
- 1873–todayA South Bend Library, Renamed for a County
The system behind the branch began as a South Bend reading room in 1873, opened as the South Bend Public Library in 1889, and took the county's name in 1990 — a rename this article keeps separate from the county-wide service it never made.
Lakeville
- 1874Frederick Badet and John Teel — two men and a croquet set
The founding act: In 1874 a grocery clerk, Frederick H. Badet, and a woodworker, John W. Teel, began making croquet balls, mallets, and stakes by hand in their spare time, on the old Mill Race.
South Bend
- 1874–1893Gregori's painted church — fifty-six murals and the Stations
Sorin engaged Gregori in Rome in June 1874 on the Vatican's recommendation, and the Basilica's own tour counts the result: fifty-six murals in the church, painted by Gregori, artist of the Papal Household and professor of art at Notre Dame — murals and Stations of the Cross painted, in the tour's summary, during the 1870s.
Notre Dame
- 1874–1969The signature product in all its materials: Ball-Band
The makers, in succession: the Mishawaka Woolen Manufacturing Company, incorporated 1874 on a woollen-mill lineage running back through Martin V. Beiger (1867) to a mill of about 1838; then the Mishawaka Rubber & Woolen Manufacturing Company…
Osceola
- 1874–1985South Bend Toy Manufacturing Company — croquet sets and doll carriages
Two men and a croquet set: In 1874 a grocery clerk, Frederick H. Badet, and a woodworker, John W. Teel, began making croquet balls, mallets, and stakes by hand in their spare time, on the old Mill Race.
South Bend
- 1874–2025The count of the transformation: a ladder, not a series
The Ball Band works: twenty-five persons at the incorporated company's start in 1874 (the company history); 140 to 150 about 1893 (Goodspeed's memoirs); nearly 2,000 in 1903 (the Beiger Mansion account)…
Mishawaka
- 1874–todaySibley Machine — the drill-press works that outlived its product
Founded: The Sibley Drill Press Company was founded in 1874 by three tradesmen: Albert P. Sibley, a machinist; George Ware, a pattern maker; and John R. Mills, a machinist.
South Bend
- 1874–todayThe teaching line: who taught art here
Notre Dame hired the painter Luigi Gregori in 1874 and built its art instruction around him; the man and his murals stand in Artists, and what stands here is the institutional fact: the region's first art schoolroom was a university department, and the university art departments…
South Bend
- 1875The 1875 roll: the patrons' directory
What this roll is: the patrons' directory of the 1875 county atlas is the nearest thing Harris Township has to a census of its substantial farmers in that decade — name, section, occupation, nativity and the year settled in the county.
Granger
- 1875The farm map of 1875: the ground as the atlas prints it
Forty-five years after the first entries, the county atlas prints this township as a finished farm map: The Illustrated Historical Atlas of St. Joseph County (Higgins, Belden & Co., 1875) lays the Harris Township plat at its page 68 — the sections ruled, the parcels named owner by owner — and the township's directory at pages 103 and 104.
Granger
- 1875The Union Church of 1875, the Turkey Creek Society, and the Township's Church Names
In 1875 the citizens of the township's northeast built a church for everybody: "regardless of sect," Chapman writes, they "erected a union church house in 1875.
Lakeville
- 1875The 1875 Atlas Name-Detached Block, Whole
In the 1875 Atlas's Union Township directory (pp. 90–91), between the attached A–B head and the attached R–W tail, the text layer carries some fifty-two rows whose name column is detached from the business column; the surnames fall in the C–Q alphabetical range by position.
Lakeville
- 1875Mishawaha as Littlejohn Wrote Her: The Tale in Its First Telling
Flavius Josephus Littlejohn — Michigan lawyer, legislator and judge, a surveyor and geologist in the southwestern Michigan wilderness in his early years — published the collection at Allegan, Michigan, in 1875, under the full title Legends of Michigan and the Old North West…
Mishawaka
- 1875Good Templars — Olive Branch Lodge No. 149, seated in the register
Olive Branch Lodge No. 149 of the Independent Order of Good Templars was organized in New Carlisle 4 January 1875 by Grand Worthy Chief Templar J. J. Talbott.
New Carlisle
- 1875The atlas trade: Higgins, Belden & Co., 1875
The subscription atlas is the nineteenth century's great local map machine, and its St. Joseph County volume — the Illustrated Historical Atlas of St. Joseph County, Indiana , published by Higgins, Belden & Co. of Chicago in 1875 — is the single most worked cartographic document in this entire build.
New Carlisle
- 1875The Home Manufacturing Company: a second corporation, attested by its officers alone
A whole second manufacturing corporation surfaces in the 1875 directory — and nowhere else any carrier reached.
North Liberty
- 1875At the boundary — the university museums
The university's art collection dates to 1875, making it, in the university's own description, one of the oldest and most highly regarded university art collections in America, and its objects number more than 30,000 — nearly 31,000 in the university's count — spanning the principal cultures and periods of world art.
Notre Dame
- 1875The 1875 roll: what the atlas's directory says the village was
The instrument: the 1875 atlas prints no Penn-only patrons' list; its directory is one combined roll — "St. Joseph County References — Mishawaka and Penn Township" (pp. 60, 66, 76, 82–84) — with columns for name, post office, section, business, nativity, and year settled in the county.
Osceola
- 1875Booster cartography: the 1875 atlas's Osceola and Penn plates, read as advertisement
The 1875 illustrated historical atlas of St. Joseph County is this ground's specimen whole: its Osceola plate (p. 41) draws the village at its railroad-depot best, and its Penn Township plates (pp. 86–87) carry the township's farms as a grid of prosperous ownership, with five lithographed farm views printed in the…
Osceola
- 1875James Stuckey and Oliver P. Stuckey
Curran S. Stuckey farms Section 30 in the 1875 directory.
Roseland
- 1875Menzo Webster — the townsite section's first holder
He is the first holder of the townsite ground the record names, and he held it long: the 1875 atlas directory, forty-one years after his settling, still lists him on the section, a farmer, with a South Bend post office.
Roseland
- 1875The townsite section — Menzo Webster's farm
The 1875 county atlas's settler footnote for Clay Township assigns the section, in its own words: " Menzo Webster on Section 23, in 1834 " — and the atlas's directory, forty-one years later, still lists him there: "Webster, Menzo — Section 23 — Farmer — Monroe Co., New York — 1834."
Roseland
- 1875The farm township at the record's full length, 1875–1907
The 1875 directory's Clay Township roll is a farmers' roll with the university's faculty interleaved — Webster on Section 23, Cripe and McCombs on Section 26, Jacob Eaton on Section 13, Stover on Section 28, the Chirharts and Stuckeys on Section 30, Chalfant on Section 31, Mary Ann Siders as owner of the mill…
Roseland
- 1875The Grand Central and the First Elevator
Lead: The Grand Central Hotel at 114–116 South Michigan Street was built and owned by Daniel M. Shively and opened in 1875 under its first proprietor, Henry C. Knill.
South Bend
- 1875The Independent line: the town's paper of record, as a source about itself
The succession, whole: the Walkerton Visitor, first issued April 7, 1875; the Independent, whose surviving issues run under the title St. Joseph County Independent (Library of Congress record SN86063061); the Independent-News from 1962 (SN87055783), still publishing in 1996…
Walkerton
- 1875–1880The Saloon Keepers — an 1875 "Saloon Keeper," Glassour, Walters, and Then None
The 1875 Atlas lists a Lakeville "Saloon Keeper" whose name the surviving OCR cannot recover — its settler is named for the record: the atlas page images at pages 84 and 90–91.
Lakeville
- 1875–1885Bucket 2 — 1870–1889: the 1875 patrons, and the station village Polk names
The 1875 patrons' directory of the Illustrated Historical Atlas (Harris Township, p. 103) is this era's roster-within-the-roster: the farmers who paid to print their own lines — Jacob D. Byrer, farmer, Section 17, settled 1862; Dan N. Dressler (the atlas prints "Dressier"), stock farm, Section 16, settled 1861…
Granger
- 1875–1885The People's Savings Bank — ten years, paid in full
A short, clean record: Joseph B. Arnold Jr. organized the People's Savings Bank in 1875. The county history's whole account of it fits the institution: it did business for ten years, then closed voluntarily, and its depositors were paid in full.
South Bend
- 1875–1886The one named saloon: N. A. Travis, and a three-way carrier conflict
The 1875 atlas directory lists the same N. A. Travis, settled in the county in 1872, as "Restaurant and Eating House," and the c.1886 patrons list quoted in the Commercial District nomination likewise gives "N. A. Travis (restaurant and eating house)."
North Liberty
- 1875–1886The Walkerton Visitor: Henry S. Mintle's paper, 1875–1886
Walkerton's press begins with a named man on a dated day: the Walkerton Visitor was first issued by Henry S. Mintle on 7 April 1875 — Howard's county history of 1907, read first-hand for this build, is the record — eighteen years after the town's plat and two years before its incorporation.
Walkerton
- 1875–1889Emery E. Pool: fourteen years of directory addresses
Turner's 1875 directory lists him at the corner of Main and Market — one of the three photographic listings on its page 174 — and the harvested record follows him address by address: Main and Market, 1875 to 1877; 84 Main Street, 1879 to 1881; 82 Main Street, 1882; and 127 West Washington Street from 1883 to 1889.
South Bend
- 1875–1907The post office, the Grand Trunk, and the name
The place got its name from the mail before it got a station: the Granger post office has been in operation since 1875, on the postal historian's record — a named federal place on Harris Prairie while the township was still all farms.
Granger
- 1875–1907The produce-and-stock order: the farm economy describes itself, 1875
The patrons' directory of the 1875 county atlas — the Higgins, Belden atlas the Land leg reads whole for the farm map — lists Harris Township's subscribing farmers with the occupation each man chose for himself, and the choices, read together, are a census of the economy's self-image: Jacob D. Byrer, "Farmer"…
Granger
- 1875–1907The named farms: the atlas's five views and the great holdings of the sketches
The record names this township's farms the way the nineteenth century named them — by their owners, in biographical sketches, with acreages that sometimes disagree: the 1875 atlas sold five of these men lithographed farm views…
Osceola
- 1875–1917The Saloons — Three Keepers in the Directories, None in the County History
The 1875 Atlas's Union directory carries a "Saloon Keeper" at Lakeville — the trade is legible in its scrambled columns; the keeper's name is not recoverable from the OCR text (settler: the atlas page images, Union directory pp. 84, 90–91).
Lakeville
- 1875–1917The Dry-Years Fight at the Strength the Record Reaches
The commerce first, at the strength the banked saloons article already proves and this section adopts as its foundation: a saloon keeper stands in the 1875 Atlas's Union directory (name unrecoverable from the OCR text; settler the atlas page images); Polk 1880–81 names Glassour Charles, saloon…
Lakeville
- 1875–1917The Ground the Trade Stood On — Blacksmiths, a Wagonmaker, Two Liveries
The 1875 Atlas's Union directory (at list strength; its columns OCR-scrambled) carries blacksmith entries including one at Lakeville in section 1 — settled in the county 1852, from Chautauqua County, New York — and a cooper ("Farmer and Cooper," Lakeville P.O.).
Lakeville
- 1875–1920The Brewer Test — Negative, 1836–1920, at Directory Strength
The 1875 Atlas's Union Township directory , read in full for this section, carries farmers, merchants, blacksmiths, a cooper — and no brewer.
Lakeville
- 1875–1920The dry years: the township answered liquor with a lodge
Olive Branch Lodge No. 149 of the Independent Order of Good Templars was organized in New Carlisle 4 January 1875 by Grand Worthy Chief Templar J. J. Talbott.
New Carlisle
- 1875–1920Distillers: a searched negative, with its span printed in parts
The town and township directories read first-hand (the 1875 atlas; Polk 1880–81 and 1916–17) name no rectifier and no wholesale liquor house here.
North Liberty
- 1875–1930The village that stayed small: post office 1875, a Grange name, a Grand Trunk stop
The first commercial institutions on this ground were federal and corporate, in that order: the Granger post office, in operation since 1875, and the Grand Trunk Railroad's station, around which a village formed that Howard's 1907 history could call "thriving, though as yet quite small."
Granger
- 1875–1932Lincoln Park — the famous grave that never held anyone
The Story of Mishawaka section record of this history tested the legend against the documents and printed the verdict: the princess's tale is a work of fiction, first told by Flavius J. Littlejohn in his Legends of Michigan and the Old North West of 1875…
Mishawaka
- 1875–1932The Tale in Its Three Forms: The Book, the Bronze, and the City's Own Summary
The record beside the variants: the documentary spine beneath all three forms is one line long, and it is the Story of Mishawaka section's: a work of fiction, published in 1875, is the first and only early source for every element of every form.
Mishawaka
- 1875–1967Small manufacturing and the sawmill cluster: brick, brooms, and the fifty-year silo thread
Sawmills beyond Potato Creek and Knepp & Houser: Jacob Geiger, saw mill (Polk 1880–81; the atlas prints a Jacob Geiger as farming, settled 1865); Beck Bros, saw mill, new in 1882–83; H. W. Betz, "Saw Milling" (atlas 1875, settled 1855); Jeremiah Steele, "Farming and Saw Milling" (atlas 1875, settled 1864)…
North Liberty
- 1875–1967Livestock, grain and feed, and the elevator: the rail-era farm trade in town
The livestock dealers print first: L. S. Pearse, "Farmer and Stock Dealer" (atlas 1875), with L. S. and N. W. Pearce [sic] as cattle dealers and "live stock" across the 1880s gazetteers; John N. Rupel, live stock (1882–83, 1884–85) — the Rupel spelling standing apart from the hotel Ruperts, not merged…
North Liberty
- 1875–1983The Eller-Hosford House: the Italianate survivor
Elom Eller, a farmer, built it in 1875–1877 and mortgaged the property to do it. The nomination's builder line reads "Unknown"; the Register's database credits Eller himself as the house's architect-builder — both statements stand in the formal record, and both are printed here.
Mishawaka
- 1875–2017The organs — Erie in 1875, Cleveland in 1978, Tacoma in 2016
The first instruments of the present church: The organ line of the present church opens while the church is still unfinished: in 1875 Derrick and Felgemaker of Erie, Pennsylvania, installed an organ of 2,000 pipes in the newly built church.
Notre Dame
- 1875–2023The University Museum Succession
It opens in 1875, when the Bishops Gallery — sixty portraits of American bishops painted by the Vatican artist Luigi Gregori, hired by Father Edward Sorin in 1874 — and a Museum of Indian Antiquities opened in Notre Dame's Main Building…
Granger
- 1875–2023The gravity at the edge of town: Notre Dame
The university's art collection began in 1875, with Luigi Gregori's gallery in the Main Building, before the city had a museum, a symphony or a paved cultural institution of any kind.
South Bend
- 1875–2025Mishawaka in other people's fiction
The most consequential fiction ever set on this ground is the one the city is named for in its own imagination: Flavius J. Littlejohn's 1875 story collection, in which a Michigan judge and author invented "Mishawaha," the Shawnee princess whose legend the Story of Mishawaka section of this record tests and prints whole.
Mishawaka
- 1875–2026The name: "founded in 1883, and named after the Grangers" — the claim, the chase, and the page
The Granger post office has been in operation since 1875."
Granger
- 1875–2026Distillers, Rectifiers, and the Modern Era — Negative, with the Settler Named
The negative therefore stands at directory + federal-list strength for 1875–1920 — strong for a licensed, bonded trade, silent on anything smaller or unlicensed, about which this section says nothing at all.
Lakeville
- 1875–2026Undertakers, Whole — the Trade with No Heading, 1875 to the Present
In 1875 the trade stands detached: "Farmer, Undertaker, and Justice of the Peace" (Warren Co. Ohio, settled 1836, Sec.
Lakeville
- 1875–2026Ice and Laundries — Tested Hard, Not Found
No ice line appears in the 1875 Atlas detached block, in Chapman's sketches, or in any Polk edition read; the classic Union Township lake-ice trade does not verify for Lakeville's lakes at the strengths searched.
Lakeville
- 1875–2026Suburban conversion measured — and the nursery and greenhouse line inside it
The banked conversion article measures the loss at its ends — a wholly private farm map in 1875 against a 68,698-person township in 2020 — with the acreage series gap-named at its closing-roll (11).
Osceola
- 1875–todayThe postal frame: 46530 is not the place
The oldest continuing government presence in Granger is the mail: the Granger post office has been in operation since 1875, on the postal historian's record the Story of Granger section carries…
Granger
- 1875–todayThe station hamlet: the node the plats grew around
The oldest node is a station, not a plat: Granger's first community geography is the one the Story of Granger section file establishes at first hand…
Granger
- 1875–todayThe university's museum: from the Bishops Gallery to the Raclin Murphy
The arc: The university's art collection dates its origin to 1875, when Luigi Gregori's gallery of sixty episcopal portraits opened in the Main Building alongside the Museum of Indian Antiquities.
South Bend
- 1876–2026The Presbyterian church, organized 5 February 1876; present edifice dedicated 12 June 1904
The Presbyterian society of Walkerton was organized on 5 February 1876 with sixteen members — the date and the count survive because they were preserved in the town's own record tradition, cited by Howard in 1907 from Dr. James F. Endly's local history work.
Walkerton
- 1877The farmers' institutions: Grange, institutes, insurance, bureau, extension
The Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company of St. Joseph County was organized on August 25, 1877, on the assessment principle — every loss paid by pro rata assessment on the members — and "the farmers of the county have secured insurance for their property at actual cost"…
South Bend
- 1877St. Hedwig Parish — the Mother Polish Parish
From St. Patrick’s to a parish of their own: Polish people had been arriving in South Bend since 1869, and until 1877 they formed part of St. Patrick’s congregation, worshipping in the old St. Patrick’s church on West Division Street and attended by visiting Polish priests from Chicago and from Otis, then called Salem Crossing.
South Bend
- 1877–1910The Names They Brought With Them: Złote Góry, Warszawa, Krakówo, Bogdarka
St. Hedwig's, the mother parish of 1877, anchors the series.
South Bend
- 1878The Manuel Thread — a Huggart Settlement Trustee
Chapman states this about H. A. Manuel: he was one of the five trustees of the Olive Branch United Brethren church building project of 1878, with Joseph Shuppert, John H. Bennett, W. Lower, and Rev. N. F. Surface, while John Todd was pastor.
Lakeville
- 1878One Building or Two? Olive Branch, 1878
Three carriers describe an 1878 church built at Olive Branch, and they do not agree — the question prints whole and unmerged.
Lakeville
- 1878The Poor Handmaids' charity: nursing the poor before the hospital, and after it
It begins as pure charity: three sisters at St. Agnes Convent from 25 October 1878, ministering to the sick in their homes and taking the worst cases into the convent to recover — home nursing of a factory town's sick, much of it necessarily unremunerated, for thirty-two years before the hospital of 1910 gave the work a building.
Mishawaka
- 1878The nursing sisters: St. Agnes Convent, 1878
Those are the province's courses, told in the Fort Wayne record; Mishawaka's begins on 25 October 1878, when three sisters came to St. Joseph's parish and took up residence at St. Agnes Convent, near the southeast corner of Fourth and Spring Streets.
Mishawaka
- 1878Dodge Manufacturing — the power-transmission house
The jack inventor: Wallace Harlow Dodge (1849–1894) was a Mishawaka man — Discover Indiana, the Indiana Historical Society's place-history program, calls him Mishawaka-born — who patented his Magic Jack, a wagon jack of his own invention, and in 1878 founded the Dodge Manufacturing Company in Mishawaka to make it.
Mishawaka
- 1878The Magic Jack: Williams and Dodge, and the patent of 15 October 1878
Letters Patent No. 208,940, "Improvement in Wagon-Jacks," was applied for on 3 April 1878 and granted on 15 October 1878 — and its face reads "Miles D. Williams and Wallace H. Dodge, of Mishawaka, Ind." The received telling, from the Indiana Historical Bureau's marker line of descent through Discover Indiana's…
Mishawaka
- 1878Wyman's — two generations on Michigan Street
The dry-goods house: George Wyman and Company — Wyman's, to the whole city — was the South Bend dry-goods institution: on The History Museum's count its run was 112 years, and its store at 107–109 North Michigan Street dated from 1878.
South Bend
- 1878The Second Strand — Lutheran, Evangelical, and the Independent Schools
St. Paul’s Evangelical Lutheran Church, organized in 1878 with its first church dedicated August 21, 1878, at Jefferson and William streets, kept a parochial school coeval with the church itself: in the parish’s infancy the pastor, the Rev. Henry Siek, taught the school himself; afterwards a teacher was employed…
South Bend
- 1878The dry-goods founders — George Wyman, George Robertson, and the Welber brothers
Wyman's: George Wyman and Company — Wyman's, to the whole city — was the South Bend dry-goods institution: on The History Museum's count its run was 112 years, and its store at 107–109 North Michigan Street dated from 1878.
South Bend
- 1878–1880The name's telling: Terre Coupee, the lake that cut the land off
The ground's name comes down with a story attached, and the story has a teller — a writer in the South Bend Tribune in 1878, quoted whole by Chapman.
New Carlisle
- 1878–1885Stage and mail: Miller's line and the gazetteers
Chapman (pp. 743–744) gives John J. Miller's biography: an Ohio-born miller who moved to Walkerton in 1873, "established a stage route between Walkerton and South Bend, running his first trip June 7, 1878," on a Tuesday–Thursday–Saturday timetable, carrying mail and passengers…
North Liberty
- 1878–1888Ball before the minors — the Green Stockings, 1878–1888
The first club: South Bend's baseball begins with the Green Stockings, a semi-professional club organized in 1878.
South Bend
- 1878–1894The Dodge Money: A Fortune Documented as a Company, Not an Estate
The fortune: Wallace Harlow Dodge, Mishawaka-born, founded the Dodge Manufacturing Company in 1878 on his 1878 Magic Jack patent — the wagon jack whose Split Pulley patent of 1882 made the firm, by 1910, the city's largest employer at more than 1,200 persons (the Businesses file owns the company's whole course…
Mishawaka
- 1878–1896The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes
A first replica — a wooden structure on a low rock wall beside the church — was built in the summer of 1878. It stood through Sorin's lifetime; he died October 31, 1893.
Notre Dame
- 1878–2017Howard Park: The Dump That Became the First Park
Timothy E. Howard, a councilman in 1878 and later the judge whose name the park carries, records in his county history that the subject of parks was first broached in 1878, and that the grounds considered "consisted of an overflowed swamp waste along the east side of the St. Joseph river, extending from Jefferson…
South Bend
- 1878–todayThe industrial buildings at survey size
The works' founder has his own marker in the city besides: the Wallace H. Dodge marker on Union Street north of East Seventh, where Dodge founded his company in 1878, moved to the site in 1880, and patented the wood split pulley in 1882.
Mishawaka
- 1878–todayThe venues line
The baseball grounds: Greenstocking Park (1878) was the first; Springbrook Park, later Playland Park, served from 1903 to 1932 and again for the Blue Sox, 1946–54; Bendix Field held the Blue Sox' first three seasons, 1943–45.
South Bend
- 1879The water-works of 1879
"The citizens here built their water-works in 1879, when everything was cheap."
New Carlisle
- 1879The Fire — Wednesday, 23 April 1879
The Scholastic's account of 26 April 1879, printed three days after the fire, is the day's record, and it is carried here at the depth it was written.
Notre Dame
- 1879What Lit the Roof: The Notre Dame Fire of 1879
The documented facts: The fire that destroyed the second Main Building at Notre Dame is among the most fully narrated events in this history — the Notre Dame section tells its course: on the morning of Wednesday, 23 April 1879, flames were seen from the roof…
Notre Dame
- 1879The wheat era and its passing, counted
The banked fragment tells first crops whole — wheat the first cash-and-bread crop on the cleared and prairie ground — and carries exactly one wheat count at pointer size: the county's 811,037 bushels threshed in 1879 (the 1880 census's crop year, Chapman's agricultural chapter's ground).
Osceola
- 1879The Story of South Bend: Questions Settled
Notre Dame's fire day — settled: The Story of South Bend section prints Notre Dame's great fire at month size, April 1879.
South Bend
- 1879The county in numbers: the census frame
The benchmarks, as each count states them: The county history of 1880 opens its agriculture chapter with the threshed product of 1879 — 811,037 bushels of wheat, 829,554 bushels of corn, 143,791 bushels of oats…
South Bend
- 1879The wheat era and its passing
The first cash crop, outlasted by everything it paid for: In 1879 wheat stood where it had stood since the prairies were broken — level with corn at the head of the county's product, 811,037 bushels threshed against corn's 829,554, from a county whose mills, elevators, and river-and-rail shipments were built to move it.
South Bend
- 1879The singing societies: the parish chorus first
The St. Cecilia Society at St. Hedwig Church was founded in 1879 — described in the community-compiled record of St. Joseph County's immigrant societies as the first Polish choral group…
South Bend
- 1879The Oliver House
The house formally opened on the evening of 14 July 1879, with Jerry H. Knight and Godfrey E. Knight — the Knight brothers — as proprietors.
South Bend
- 1879–1886The Rebuild in One Summer — and the Name
Professor Stace's contemporary account, reprinted in the jubilee history from the Catholic Review of 3 May 1879, gives the community the fire found: thirty fathers, twelve scholastics, 141 professed lay brothers, sixty novices, and twelve postulants, with nearly 400 students and professors in the establishment.
Notre Dame
- 1879–1886The fire of 1879 and the Golden Dome
On the morning of Wednesday, April 23, 1879, flames were seen from its roof; the supports of its white-painted wooden dome burned through and the 12-foot statue of Mary atop it crashed down into the interior, spreading the fire.
Notre Dame
- 1879–1926The daily tests: a Christmas bazaar paper, the Daily Journal, and the daily that never took
The first attempt is the strangest survival in the library's list: the Daily Bazar, of which the film holds December 28, 1879 to January 2, 1880, and December 20 to 24, 1880…
Mishawaka
- 1879–1936The Grand Army: seven posts in the county, one in Clay Township, none on the farm ground
The county roster, whole: the Grand Army of the Republic's Department of Indiana, as indexed by the Indiana Archives and Records Administration from the department's own files, put seven posts into St. Joseph County: Auten Post No. 8, South Bend (1879–1936 and beyond), the county's senior post, named for the first…
Granger
- 1879–1936The Grand Army: seven posts in one county
The department that lasted was built in 1879, and its first charters ran in a numbered sequence the Indiana State Library still prints: Morton Post No. 1 at Terre Haute, then Brazil, Lafayette, Covington, Greensburg, Wabash and Crawfordsville — and eighth, Auten Post No. 8, of South Bend .
South Bend
- 1879–2026The singing-society test, printed at its result
South Bend's immigrant societies are catalogued by name in the St. Joseph County genealogical record: a German Turnverein, a German Progress Club, and — the county's first Polish choral group…
Granger
- 1879–todayBattell Park's built fabric: the monument, the bandshell, the rock garden
The district: The Battell Park Historic District, listed 11 January 1996, counts two contributing buildings, one contributing site, two contributing structures and one contributing object in its eleven documented acres…
Mishawaka
- 1879–todayThe Golden Dome — the city's face to the world
Cross-reference: The building, the 1879 fire, the dome's construction and the gilding's first refusal are the Notre Dame history's (University of Notre Dame, und-fire-dome).
Notre Dame