Mishawaka, Indiana · 19th century
1860s
38 dated events in 1860s, in order. Part of the full timeline.
19th century 38 dated mentions
1860s
- 1860St. Andrew's United Church of Christ: The German Evangelical Church
The course: St. Andrew's was organized on 14 October 1860 under the Rev. Philip Wagner, a German Evangelical congregation whose records were kept in German until 1919.
- 1861The Soldiers' Aid Society: benevolence in the first week of the war
The town's first named charitable organization was a war society: News of Fort Sumter's fall reached Mishawaka on 15 April 1861, and in the series of public meetings that followed, on the commissioned city history's account, citizens voiced strong loyalty for the Union, a Soldiers Aid Society was organized, and…
- 1861–1865Company I of the Ninth Indiana: the captain from Mishawaka
Twice raised in one year: St. Joseph County put a company into the 9th Indiana Infantry twice in 1861.
- 1861–1865Company F of the Forty-eighth: the company raised at Mishawaka
Another Penn Township man, Isaac H. Gilman, whose post office was Mishawaka, enlisted in 1861 at Goshen under the 48th's colonel, Norman Eddy, served three years and eight months, and fought at Iuka, at Florence, and through the siege of Vicksburg; his biography does not name his company, and he is printed unassigned, at that strength.
- 1861–1865The Civil War dead as the rolls give them
The county's first martyr stands at the Roll's head in South Bend's frame and is not Mishawaka's: John Auten, killed July 10, 1861, whose name South Bend's Grand Army post would take.
- 1861–1865The other regiments: the county's war beyond two companies
15th Indiana — Company B: St. Joseph County was represented by Company B entire, and by one member in Company A. The regiment was organized at Lafayette in May 1861 and mustered June 14, 1861, with George D. Wagner as colonel.
- 1861–1945Women's war work: the Aid Society of 1861, the Red Cross workrooms, and Elizabeth Richardson
The town's first charity was a women's war society: in April 1861, as the Civil War opened, Mishawaka's women organized the Soldiers' Aid Society — in De Kever's account the town's first named charitable organization of any kind.
- 1861–1945The women and the nurses
The Civil War nursing is the county's glory and the motherhouse towns' story: Eighty Sisters of the Holy Cross answered Governor Morton's call of October 1861 under Mother Angela and served as military nurses, becoming the forerunners of the Navy Nurse Corps aboard the Red Rover in 1862…
- 1861–2022St. Joseph's Parish Square: a block held since 1861
The parish — the mother parish of Mishawaka Catholicism, whose congregation's record stands whole in the religion record of this history — was established on the full block in the southwest corner of the commercial district in 1861 and has been based on the square since.
- 1862–1921Water and the alarm: the cistern, the works, the bell, the boxes
The cistern in the street, 1862: A hand engine is only as good as its water, and Mishawaka's first public water for firefighting was a hole in the ground: in 1862 the town placed a 400-barrel cistern in the middle of the intersection of Main Street and Lincolnway, to be drafted from where the business district needed it most.
- 1863The Sisters of St. Francis of Perpetual Adoration: Olpe to Lafayette, 1863-1943
She was born Regina Christine Wilhelmine Bonzel, called Aline, on 17 September 1830, and she built the community out of an orphanage and school work begun in Olpe in the 1850s: the community received approval on 29 September 1859, the first sisters were invested on 20 December 1860, and the congregation itself dates…
- 1863–1864William Gibson: the first rooms, 1863
In 1863 he opened rooms in Mishawaka over H. D. Higgins' Jewelry Store, the Mishawaka Enterprise recording the fact; the Indiana State Gazetteer for 1864–65 places him on Main Street, Mishawaka.
- 1863–1956The shape of the record: two Mishawaka names in the county list
The thinness stated: The fullest harvest of the trade ever made for this county is the South Bend Area Genealogical Society's list "South Bend and Mishawaka Photographers, 1863–1921," whose entries the Indiana Album's Indiana Photographers Project carries as person records built from directories, censuses, newspapers and surviving cards.
- 1864–todayThe parish schools: St. Joseph, St. Monica, St. Bavo — and the one school they became
St. Joseph School, the mother school: The Catholic school web begins in the mother parish's vestry, where St. Joseph's children were taught until 1864, when a brick schoolhouse rose on Spring Street behind the church.
- 1866–todayThe elementary city: Battell, Beiger, Bingham, LaSalle, Emmons, Hums, Liberty, Twin Branch
Battell School , erected 1900 on the north side where Abner Pettit's 1866 frame schoolhouse had stood, took its pupils from the grove school line that reached back to the river's first classrooms; its present building is the one the corporation's 2016 capital inventory dates to 1981.
- 1867Jacob and Martin Beiger, and Adolphus Eberhart — the woolen founding, in three hands
The purchase: In 1867 Jacob Beiger and his son Martin V. Beiger bought the woolen mill at the dam.
- 1867–1886The Beigers and the woolen company
The purchase: In 1867 Jacob Beiger and his son Martin V. Beiger bought the woolen mill. The company's history and every later carrier agree on the year and the buyers; the price and the seller's name are not carried in the record reached.
- 1867–1921The furniture trade, whole — from the wholesale cluster of 1868 to the dealers
The wholesale cluster: Howard's roll gives the trade its corporation first: the Mishawaka Furniture Company, organized October 10, 1867, capital sixty thousand dollars, incorporators Adoniram B. Judson, Robert Montgomery, Lewis T. Booth and De Witt C. Eggleston.
- 1867–1925William J. Oliver: the low bidder on the Panama Canal
The tie, exactly: William Jesse Oliver was born January 13, 1867, in Mishawaka, to Henry and Clara Oliver — a born-here tie; how much of his youth was spent here the record read does not establish, and this entry does not claim it.
- 1868John D. Stearns: one line, 1868
A name and a trade, nothing more reached: The directory sample's 1868 canvass carries a single Mishawaka photographer: John D. Stearns, printed under the trade heading with no address the roster preserves and no second line in any record reached for this fragment.
- 1868–1878Institute No. 1, the Main Street school, and the high school's opening, 1868–1878
The record gives the building two dates, and both stand: the 1924 Miskodeed dates it 1868, at a cost of $50,000, and calls it "the pride of the 1,800 people of Mishawaka"; the high school's own history page dates the first high-school building 1869, on Hill Street between First and Second, holding grades one through twelve.
- 1868–1902The private bankers — Judson A. B. & Son, and Clark & Whitson
The directory record: The Business Directory of St. Joseph County for 1868 prints a Bankers heading for Mishawaka with one house under it: Judson A. B. & Son, at Second and Main.
- 1868–1921The livery trade — three stables, two barns, one survivor, and the motor succession
The course: the 1868 county directory carries Livery Stables with three houses: Badger Henry & Co.; Burt C. E. — the Burt name that returns in the 1889 ice line and the 1868 meat markets — and Wilklow F. Johnson's 1902–03 directory carries two: Myeski J. S., Livery Barns, at 113 W. 2d…
- 1868–1921The Horse Economy's Animal Side: Livery Stables, and the Missing Veterinarian
The beginning is the village's first directory roll, 1868, which carries two livery stables: C. E. Burt's and F. Wilklow's — Wilklow standing in the roster's first-roll narrative among the mill town's founding trades, "F. Wilklow at the livery," alongside the brewers, the cooperage, and the boot-and-shoe man.
- 1868–1931The Powells: the family at the center, 1868–1931
The move across the river made Mishawaka's first Black household of record: Elijah married Mary Ann Hackley of Niles, Michigan, and the couple moved to Mishawaka with their daughter Medora in 1868.
- 1868–1931Black women's organizing: the test, and Medora Powell's documented life
Elijah Powell — born in Owen County, Indiana, in 1841, a sergeant of the 102nd U.S. Colored Regiment recognized for gallantry in South Carolina in 1864–65…
- 1868–1949The printers — the press as a business
The course: the 1868 county directory gives the trade its first Mishawaka form under the heading Printing Office: Brower N. V., opposite the town hall…
- 1868–1949The storefront rolls — the women, the immigrant shops, and the Black business of record
The Black business of record, at anchor size: Mishawaka's first Black business stands whole in the black-history file — Elijah Powell's barbershop, practiced from 1868 for thirty-eight years — and is pointed to here, not retold: this section adds only its frame.
- 1868–1987The City Directories, Year by Year as Actually Used
The series as used: the 1868 Business Directory of St. Joseph County (Genealogy Trails transcription, read whole; sixty-six proprietor lines hand-paired) — whose "Bankers" heading carries Judson A. B. & Son, the entry that corrected the first business pass's pre-charter banking silence…
- 1868–todaySchooling: the common school from 1868, and the fight that is not in this record
The state frame is printed at frame size only — the 1869 permission, and the 1949 act that ended legal school segregation in Indiana — because neither is a Mishawaka event; Mishawaka's own timeline is the family's: 1868 arrival, 1887 graduation, 1908 the second.
- 1869To 1869
A Eberhart & Co — A Eberhart & Co — Flouring Mills (banked 1868; directories: 1868) A Hutsinger — Hutsinger A — Physicians (banked 1868; directories: 1868) A Taylor — A Taylor — Blacksmith (banked 1868; directories: 1868) Alanson M Hurd — St Joseph Iron Works — Iron Works (banked 1833) B Holcomb — Holcomb B…
- 1869The carriage crossover that left town: the Milburn Wagon Company
George A. Milburn had been manufacturing wagons in Mishawaka as early as 1853; the Milburn Wagon Company was incorporated in Mishawaka, Indiana, on 23 August 1869, and built the horse-drawn vehicles — farm wagons above all — that the trade of the day ran on.
- 1869Palmer C. and Pardon J. Perkins — the windmill brothers
On 10 August 1869 he was awarded patent No. 93,472 for an "Improvement in Windmills" — the solid wooden-wheel mill that carried his name — and he turned the axe works over to his nephew Newman Perkins and built the windmill business on the patent.
- 1869–1872Palmer C. Perkins and the windmill: the patent of 10 August 1869
The Patent Office's own list, as Scientific American printed it for the week ending 10 August 1869, carries the grant in one line: "93,472. — WINDMILL. — P. C. Perkins, Mishawaka, Ind." Letters Patent No. 93,472, "Improvement in Windmills," covered the solid wooden-wheel mill that carried his name…
- 1869–1907The South Bend Woolen Company — Mishawaka's men, on South Bend ground
The Monon Society's mill account, carried in South Bend's file, dates the company's operations to 1869 and puts its mill on the east bank of the St. Joseph River between LaSalle and Colfax streets, in South Bend, producing principally woolen fabrics for men's wear — suitings and overcoatings.
- 1869–1910The transmission trade: Mishawaka sells power's means
Nor was Dodge alone in the trade: the 1889 directory carries the Keasey Pulley Company in the same town, a second pulley maker in the place Dodge was making a pulley capital, and the Perkins Wind Mill and Axe Company beside them…
- 1869–1925The Second Tier: Windmills, Axes, and the Fortunes Print Does Not Size
The Perkins brothers: Palmer C. Perkins bought the idle Bement axe factory and turned it to the solid wooden-wheel windmill of his 1869 patent (No. 93,472); his twin brother Pardon Joshua Perkins joined him in 1871, and on 14 July 1873 the brothers and four partners formed a joint-stock company with capital of $4,000…
- 1869–todayThe Water Level Route: the main line along the south bank
The first road became the great through route of the North: On 6 April 1869 the Michigan Southern & Northern Indiana was consolidated into the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway, and the line through Mishawaka became part of the Water Level Route…