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The Dealerships · The houses that sold South Bend its cars
Every other city in this record bought its cars from men who sold what distant factories built. South Bend built its own. For a hundred and eleven years the wagons, and then the cars, rolled out of the Studebaker works on the south side of downtown, and the men who sold them worked streets a short walk from the gates: Lafayette Boulevard, Western Avenue, Main Street. That makes the South Bend dealer trade a different animal from Fort Wayne's. Its first sellers were the factory's own repositories and branch houses. Its most successful dealer became the factory's sales chief. Its hometown Studebaker store is remembered well enough that the national museum rebuilt its showroom as an exhibit, and when the factory closed in 1963, two of its local dealers bought a piece of it and kept its flagship car alive for two more decades. What follows is that trade as history: the wagon network that became a dealer network, Automobile Row, the war that emptied the showrooms, the factory's last day, and the family houses of the second age, on Jefferson Boulevard, Grape Road and Ireland Road, that started a long time ago and are still around. The founding dates the houses publish for themselves are printed as they give them; where the public record brackets a founding without fixing it, the bracket is printed and the gap is named.
The first sellers: the wagon maker's repositories
1852 - 1912
The repository system: South Bend's dealer trade does not begin with a bicycle shop changing trades, as Fort Wayne's does. It begins inside the factory. Henry and Clement Studebaker opened their blacksmith shop in South Bend on…
Twelve thousand dealers: the network at its height
1918 - 1926
The measure of it: In 1918 Albert Russel Erskine, the corporation's president, wrote the company's history and addressed it, in his own preface, to the 3,000 stockholders of the Studebaker Corporation, "the 12,000 dealers in its…
Lafayette Boulevard: Automobile Row
1911 - 1970s
The row: Downtown South Bend's dealer district had a name and a street: Lafayette Boulevard, running south from the center of town toward the Studebaker complex, close enough to the factory that the walk from the works to the…
Hinkle and Hammes: the Ford store on Lafayette
1911 - 1974
The Studebaker man who sold Fords: William Riley Hinkle acquired the Ford dealership in South Bend in 1911. He came to it from inside the hometown industry: among the jobs he had worked before the dealership was one in the sales…
Feferman: a Cadillac store run by four brothers
1928 - late 1970s
The house: Feferman Cadillac Oldsmobile, formerly Feferman Motors, was a General Motors dealership owned by the Feferman family, and it stood in South Bend from 1928. The family owned it until the late 1970s: a fifty year run…
Gates: the grocery store side business that outlived downtown
1928 - present
The founding: The oldest founding in this section belongs to a grocer. L. O. Gates started his first dealership in 1928 as a side business from his grocery store, and the South Bend Tribune's account fixes the place: the first…
The war years: the showrooms empty
1942 - 1945
The freeze: The dealer trade's hardest years came not from any failure of demand but from an order. On 2 January 1942 the Indianapolis Times carried the Office of Production Management's ruling under the headline "Sales of New…
Freeman-Spicer, and the day the factory closed
To 1963 - afterlife to 2005
The hometown store: Every factory town has one dealership whose name is a synonym for the factory's cars, and in South Bend it was Freeman-Spicer. The Lafayette tour places the store at 520 South Lafayette, at the south end of…
Newman and Altman: the dealers who bought the Avanti
1964 - 1982
The store: Newman and Altman was a South Bend dealership, and what it sold was the hometown product: Studebakers and Packards. Its partners were Leo Newman and the Altman brothers, Nathan, called Nate, and Arnold. Arnold Altman…
Jordan: the Nash salesman on Jefferson Boulevard
1947-1949 - present
The founding, printed as a bracket: Jordan Kapson started in the car business in 1946 selling Nash Ramblers, and founded the group that bore his name in Mishawaka. Two dates stand in the record for the start, and this section…
Tyler: the December 1969 Chevrolet store in Niles
1969 - present
The frame: Tyler is carried in this section as what it is, a Michiana house, not a South Bend store. Its lots stand on South 11th Street in Niles, Michigan, minutes north of South Bend across the state line, and its trade has…
Gurley Leep: the Buick store bought in 1977
1977 - present
The salesman first: The Gurley Leep story begins ten years before the name existed, in another man's showroom. Mike Leep Sr. started out as a salesman at Highland Dodge in 1967, knew very quickly that he wanted to be a dealer…
Basney: three generations behind a bracket
1970s - present
What the record supports: Basney is the leg's second bracket. The house's own materials state its founding fact in one consistent form and in no more detail: "The Basney family's history in the automotive business dates back to…
The auto rows: how the trade moved across the map
1911 - present
Downtown first: Read in sequence, the addresses in this section are the trade's map of the region. It starts downtown, where the factory was: Lafayette Boulevard in the 1910s and 1920s, Hinkle's Ford showroom at 225 North…